The aim of the current experiment was to evaluate the chemical composition, metabolizable energy (ME), organic matter digestibility (OMD), gas and methane production of some legume plants estimated by in vitro gas production technique, and to determine the relationship among chemical composition, ME, OMD, gas and methane production of some legume plants. Although species has a significant effect on the chemical composition, gas production, ME and OMD species has no effect on methane emission of legume hays. Neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) ranged from 22.86% to 42.93% and 20.24% to 37.16% respectively. Crude protein (CP) contents of legume hays ranged from 13.61% to 20.55%. Neutral detergent fibre and ADF contents of legume plants are negatively correlated with gas production, ME and OMD. It can be concluded that legume plant studied in the current experiment showed a wide nutritional diversity and will provide not only protein but also fibre for livestocks. They may exhibit complementary role for ruminant animals grazing on poor quality forages. Legume species studied in the current experiment had a no anti-methanogenic properties.
The aim of this study was to determine the potential nutritive value of pistachio hulls obtained from six different varieties using chemical composition and in vitro gas production technique. In vitro gas productions of pistachio hulls were determined at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h incubation times and their gas production kinetics were described. There is considerable variation among pistachio hulls obtained from six different varieties in terms of chemical composition and in vitro gas production, metabolisable energy (ME) and organic matter digestibility (OMD). Dry matter (DM) contents of pistachio hulls ranged 26.45 to 29.25%. Ash content of pistachio hulls ranged from 8.50 to 19.86%. The crude protein (CP) contents of pistachio hulls ranged 7.27 to 14.99%. The hulls from Kırmızı, Ohadi and Keten Gömlegi (KG) had significantly higher CP contents than the others. The NDF and ADF contents of pistachio hulls ranged from 18.25 to 22.49% and 14.32 to 18.29% respectively. The pistachio hulls from Ohadi and Uzun had significantly higher NDF and ADF contents than the others. The CT contents of pistachio hulls ranged from 2.03 to 2.63%. The hulls from Beyaz Ben (BB) had significantly higher CT content than that of KG. The gas production rate ranged from 0.071 to 0.107%. The gas production rate of pistachio hulls from Sultani and KG were significantly higher than the others. The potential gas production of pistachio hulls ranged from 65.92 to 73.46 mL. The potential gas production of pistachio hulls from BB and Ohadi were significantly higher than the others. The ME and OMD contents of pistachio hulls ranged from 9.76 to 11.05 MJ/kg DM and 69.00 to 74.50% respectively. The ME contents of pistachio hulls from BB and Ohadi were significantly higher than those of Kırmızı, Uzun and KG whereas the OMD contents of pistachio hulls from Ohadi were significantly higher than those of pistachio hulls for Kırmızı, Sultani, Uzun and KG. In conclusion, chemical characterization with CP, OMD and ME suggests that the pistachio hulls had moderate level of CP concentration and was quite digestible therefore it can be said that pistachio hulls will provide feedstuffs of an acceptable quality for ruminant animals. Keywords
The potential nutritive values of acorns of Quercus suber, Quercus branti, Quercus coccifera, Quercus cerris and Quercus infectoria were estimated by chemical composition and in vitro gas production technique. Acorns collected at least 10 different trees in three experimental plots. There were significant (P<0.001) differences in the chemical composition among acorns obtained from different oak species. Crude protein (CP) contents of acorns ranged from 25.48 to 61.94 g/kg dry matter (DM). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents ranged from 231.4 to 326.3 g/kg DM. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents ranged from 155.9 to 215.4 g/kg DM. Condensed tannin (CT) contents ranged from 7.2 to 26.7 g/kg DM. Starch contents ranged from 600.0 to 681.5 g/kg DM. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) addition significantly (P<0.001) increased the gas production and some estimated parameters of oak acorns. Although there is no significant (P>0.5) differences in the potential gas production of acorn among oak species when incubated in the absence of PEG, there is significant (P<0.001) differences in the potential gas production of acorn among oak species when incubated in the presence of PEG. Although the estimated organic matter (OMD) and metabolisable (ME) contents of acorn for Q. suber and Q. infectoria were significantly (P<0.001) higher than those for Q. branti, Q. coccifera and Q. cerris when incubated in the absence of PEG, the estimated OMD and ME contents of acorn for Quercus cerris and Q. infectoria were significantly lower than those for Q. suber, Q. branti and Q. coccifera when incubated in the presence of PEG. The improvement in gas production, OMD and ME in the presence of PEG emphasizes the negative effect of tannins on digestibility. As a conclusion, oak acorns have potential nutritive values for ruminant animals such as sheep and goat since acorns have high starch, OMD and ME but low level of CT contents. However these results obtained in the current study should be supported by in vivo feeding experiments.
The aim of the present study was to compare the leaves of Liquidambar orientalis with the leaves of Laurus nobilis and Eucalyptus globulus in terms of their chemical composition and anti-methanogenic potential using an in vitro gas production technique. Species had a significant effect on the chemical composition, gas production, methane production, metabolizable energy and organic matter digestibility of the tree leaves. The crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and condensed tannin (CT) contents of the tree leaves ranged from 9.11 to 12.8, 22.49 to 35.85, 32.76 to 49.31, and 1.55 to 9.29%, respectively. The gas production, methane production, metabolizable energy (ME) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) ranged from 21.72 to 31.54 mL, 2.62 to 4.41 mL, 6.62 to 9.24 MJ kg -1 dry matter (DM), and 41.23 to 54.84%, respectively. It is likely that the leaves of L. orientalis would be more effective for methane mitigation in ruminant animals than those of E. globules or L. nobilis. However, prior to widespread implementation, the effect of the leaves of L. orientalis on animal production should be tested in vivo.
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