Properties of melon seed and beniseed oils which are considered as "environmentally" friendly oils were investigated and the performance evaluation of the formulated beniseed and melon seed oilbased cutting fluids were carried out. American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 304L alloy steel was used as workpiece and tungsten carbide as cutting tool, while commercial mineral oil-based cutting fluid was used as a control experiment. The viscosities of the melon seed oil and beniseed oil-based cutting fluids were 1.53 mm 2/s and 0.86mm 2/ s, while their pH values were 8.2 and 8.7 respectively. The optimal multi-response turning parameters was achieved using cutting speed of 159 rev/min (level 3), feed rate of 0.9 mm/rev (level 3), depth of cut of 1 mm (level 2) and type of cutting fluid of 1.53mm/s (level 3). The ANOVA results show that feed rate has the most significant effect on the surface roughness (92.93%) and cutting temperature (27.51%).
Cutting fluids play a major role in machine operations, life of tools, workpiece quality and overall high productivity which are considered as potential input for minimal tool wear, minimal surface roughness and better machining finished product owing to the ability to prevent overheating of the workpiece and cutting tool. In this paper, the challenge of environmental biodegradability, tool wear and workpiece surface roughness prompt the need to evaluate and compare the performance of Jatropha oil based cutting fluid (JBCF) with mineral oil based cutting fluid (MBCF) during turning with AISI 304 Alloy steel which are presented. Test were conducted on the Physiochemical property, fatty acid composition (FAC), cutting fluids formulation of oil ratio to water ratio in proportion of 1:9, turning operation and response surface methodology (RSM) design of experiment were carried out and used respectively. Results from FAC indicated that jatropha seed oil (JSO) has an approximately 21.6% saturated fat with the main contributors being 14.2% palmitic acid. The physiochemical property results show pH value 8.36, Viscosity 0.52 mm2/s, resistant to corrosion, good stability and a milky colouration. The S/N ratio for main effect plot for JBCF and MBCF stand at 1250 CS, 1.15 FR and 0.65 DOC; and 500 CS, 1.15 FR and 0.65 respectively with R-sq = 85.14% and R-sq(adj) = 71.76% for JBCF Ra and R-sq = 71.24% and R-sq(adj) = 56.35% for JBCF Tw, compared to R-sq = 84.44% R-sq(adj) = 70.43% is for MBCF Ra, and R-sq = 70.48% and R-sq(adj) = 55.92% for MBCF Tw. Conclusively, JBCF exhibit minimal surface roughness, minimal tool wear, minimal environmental biodegradability and overall better performance compare to MBCF which makes it more suitable for turning of AISI 304 Alloy steel and is in good agreement with previous work.
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