Performance Evaluation of Jatropha Seed Oil and Mineral Oil-Based Cutting Fluids in Turning AISI 304 Alloy Steel

Abstract

Cutting fluids play a major role in machine operations, life of tools, workpiece quality and overall high productivity which are considered as potential input for minimal tool wear, minimal surface roughness and better machining finished product owing to the ability to prevent overheating of the workpiece and cutting tool. In this paper, the challenge of environmental biodegradability, tool wear and workpiece surface roughness prompt the need to evaluate and compare the performance of Jatropha oil based cutting fluid (JBCF) with mineral oil based cutting fluid (MBCF) during turning with AISI 304 Alloy steel which are presented. Test were conducted on the Physiochemical property, fatty acid composition (FAC), cutting fluids formulation of oil ratio to water ratio in proportion of 1:9, turning operation and response surface methodology (RSM) design of experiment were carried out and used respectively. Results from FAC indicated that jatropha seed oil (JSO) has an approximately 21.6% saturated fat with the main contributors being 14.2% palmitic acid. The physiochemical property results show pH value 8.36, Viscosity 0.52 mm2/s, resistant to corrosion, good stability and a milky colouration. The S/N ratio for main effect plot for JBCF and MBCF stand at 1250 CS, 1.15 FR and 0.65 DOC; and 500 CS, 1.15 FR and 0.65 respectively with R-sq = 85.14% and R-sq(adj) = 71.76% for JBCF Ra and R-sq = 71.24% and R-sq(adj) = 56.35% for JBCF Tw, compared to R-sq = 84.44% R-sq(adj) = 70.43% is for MBCF Ra, and R-sq = 70.48% and R-sq(adj) = 55.92% for MBCF Tw. Conclusively, JBCF exhibit minimal surface roughness, minimal tool wear, minimal environmental biodegradability and overall better performance compare to MBCF which makes it more suitable for turning of AISI 304 Alloy steel and is in good agreement with previous work.

Characterization of eco-friendly cutting fluid developed from neem seed oil

“…The concentrated mineral oil was utilised in preparing the emulsion metal cutting fluid without adding any additive while the optimum values of additives obtained using L162 4 full factorial design for the Neem seed oil emulsion cutting fluid formulation include, emulsifier (9.35%); anticorrosion (10.61%); antioxidant (0.64%), bio-cide (0.97%). The formulated cutting fluid corrosion level was determined using the ASTM D4627 cast iron chips on filter paper [28]. However, this test was carried out to evaluate the number of corrosion spots on a test filter paper, from the formulated vegetable cutting fluids corrosive action(s).…”

“…The last step in GRA is the Grey relational grade (G-grade) calculation using Equation 5. Distinguishing coefficient (ƛ) was employed to expand or compress the range of the GRC and the accepted value is 0.5 [28].…”

State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives of Environmentally Friendly Machining Using Biodegradable Cutting Fluids

“…The effectiveness of Jatropha oil-based cutting fluids has been tested in another experimental work [91]. Emulsion of Jatropha oil in water by 1:9 was prepared to be used as cutting fluid using emulsifier and additives shown in Table 2.…”