The aim of this study was to assess the effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C (HCV) and B (HBV) virus infection on semen parameters. Semen samples were obtained from 27 HCV, 34 HIV, 30 HBV and 41 HCV-HIV-seropositive patients and compared with those of a control population of healthy seronegative subjects. Tests for detection of HIV, HCV and HBV were performed on seminal samples. The sperm concentration was significantly decreased in HCV- and HBV-seropositive males compared to that of controls (P < 0.001). The mean sperm motility (a + b) was significantly decreased in HCV- and HBV-seropositive (P < 0.001) and in HCV-HIV-seropositive subjects (P < 0.05) compared to that of controls. The sperm viability was significantly lower in HCV- and HBV-seropositive men than in controls (P < 0.001). The normal morphology was significantly reduced in HCV-seropositive and HBV-seropositive men (P < 0.05) with respect to that of controls (P < 0.05). The sperm concentration after sperm wash was significantly higher in controls than in HCV-, HIV-, HBV- and HIV-HCV-seropositive men (P < 0.001). We can conclude that HBV- and HCV-infected men have a significantly impaired sperm quality compared with that of controls. The reason for the better sperm quality in our series of HIV- and HCV-HIV-infected men is still under debate. Further investigations in a larger case series are warranted.
TVS appears to be useful for the detection of endometriosis located in the bladder and involving the sigmoid colon, the rectovaginal septum, and the rectum.
Specialist scan findings CCAML diaphragmatic hernia bright area in fetal heart ?echogenic focus ?rhabdomyoma cystic lesion in brain ?agenesis corpus collosum ?small left side heart large single atrium and ?AVSD CPCs, VSD and DORV Fetal medicine unit findings small CAM diaphragmatic hernia large apical VSD, dilated LV, dysplastic mv, small lvot cystic structure in brain not destroying tissue unlikely to have significant cardiac defect large atrial communication, tricuspid regurgitation not scanned Amniocentesis N/A Attemptedsuboptimal access Yes-normal chromosomes Declined Yes-normal chromosomes Declined Yes-DiGeorge syndrome Outcome baby appeared normal
Better follicular growth and oocyte maturation are achieved with GnRH agonist treatment. However, both regimens seem to have similar efficacy in terms of implantation and pregnancy rates. Further studies clarifying the effect of the GnRH antagonist on ovarian function are needed, as well as a clear definition of the best period of the follicular phase for the GnRH antagonist administration.
Abstract. Paclitaxel is a member of the taxane agents that has demonstrated efficacy in ovarian cancer, both in first-and in second-line therapy. Counted among the side-effects of this drug are neurological disorders. In the present study, a rare case of a non-neuropathic ocular disorder, known as cystoid macular edema (CME), due to paclitaxel in patients treated for ovarian cancer is described. Macular edema, or CME, is a common cause of visual impairment that has been classically demonstrated by fluorescein angiograms, showing capillary leakage. CME without fluorescein leakage is rare, and its most common causes are juvenile X-linked retinoschisis, Goldmann-Favre syndrome, and niacin toxicity. At the present time, the mechanism associated with the form of CME that does not exhibit any signs of fluorescein leakage has not been elucidated due to an absence of histopathological studies. Several mechanisms have been proposed, although it is considered to occur due to disruption of the normal blood-retinal barrier by molecules with a molecular weight lower than that of fluorescein, which leads to fluid accumulation in the intracellular space. It is well known that taxane agents cause fluid retention, represented by edema, weight gain, and third-space fluid collection (pericardial, pleural, ascites), and this appears to be associated with their cumulative dose. The present case study confirms that macular edema associated with paclitaxel use exhibits spontaneous resolution following discontinuation of the causative agent. Taxane-associated maculopathy has been scarcely reported in the literature, but the gynecological oncologist should be alert to its possible development, and an ophthalmologic evaluation should be offered to all patients using paclitaxel. IntroductionPaclitaxel is a member of the taxane agents that has demonstrated efficacy in ovarian cancer, both in first-and in second-line therapy (1). Neurological disorders are counted among the side-effects of this drug (2). In the present study, a rare case of a non-neuropathic ocular disorder known as cystoid macular edema (CME), due to the use of paclitaxel in patients treated for ovarian cancer, is described. Case reportIn September 2007, a 49-year-old woman underwent optimal debulking surgery for FIGO stage IIIC ovarian serious cancer, with residual disease following surgery (a tumor measuring <1 cm). The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy based on carboplatin and paclitaxel for six cycles every three weeks, achieving a complete response. The cumulative dose of paclitaxel was 1,680 mg. After 13 months, the patient presented with hepatic metastasis and peritoneal nodules. In view of the recurrence of the disease, the patient received chemotherapy based on carboplatin and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. After 8 cycles of the chemotherapy, based on the disease progression the patient subsequently received Topotecan for 13 cycles. However, the patient then presented with pulmonary progression disease, and consequently she was treated with paclitaxel (60 m...
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