The modern conception of dentistry is based on the search for noninvasive clinical applicability methods that improve the prognoses of dental pathologies and, therefore, the interest in light-tissue interaction technology has increased in the last decade. The present study aims to explore the applicability of photobiomodulation (PBM) in dentistry with emphasis on wavelengths provided to target tissues and the underlying mechanisms of action of lasers observed in the treatment of various oral diseases, as well as the affected processes that include, but are not limited to wound healing, tissue biostimulation, tissue and nerve regeneration, inhibition of pain and inflammatory processes. The effects obtained through photobiomodulation are correlated with the parameters involved, such as the equipment used, wavelength, power dosages, irradiation duration, energy density, general patient conditions, target tissue, pathology and etiologies considered. Depending on the conditions reported, the photobiomodulator effect or also known as low intensity laser therapy (LLLT) influences the increase of cellular metabolism through the application of photonic energy that presents monochromaticity and propagates consistently in time and space. Thus, the protocols for the application of the photonic properties of this therapeutic modality should be analyzed in the treatment of oral conditions and pathologies associated with glandular, neural, autoimmune, traumatic, and idiopathic diseases.
The occurrence of unusual ulcers in the oral cavity has fundamental value regarding oral and systemic diseases and abnormalities, as it can show clinical evidence that differs from other lesions, contributing to the diagnosis process. A 64-years-old female patient reported with a non healing of an oral lesion since two months (seeking clinical treatment for an atypical hard palate ulcer). A 64- years-old female patient was presented with a two month history of an oral lesion that did not repair. Her medical record indicated past smoking habits and hypertension. During clinical evaluation, an exophytic ulceration located at the left posterior hard palate, with a rounded form and elevated edges, was observed. An incisional biopsy was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Histopathological complementary exams revealed biphasic papillary projections, extending from the epithelium through the connective tissue, that are considered ductal structures. The final diagnosis was sialadenoma papilliferum, and total surgical excision was performed as a treatment. Follow-up showed no recurrence over 14 months. Sialadenoma papilliferum is a rare benign salivary gland tumour, mostly known for its papillary aspect and categorized as a ductal papilloma. Sialadenoma papilliferum origin is not precisely defined, nor associated with a single cause, given that different investigators pointed to multiple variables to Sialadenoma papilliferum origin. Being one of the rarest salivary gland tumours, SialP’s clinical aspects and its resemblance to other benign salivary gland tumours can lead to a wrong diagnosis if not properly and microscopically analyzed, hence the importance of knowing its features.
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