This study discussed the characteristics of photobiomodulation modalities using low-level laser and light-emitting diodes and their therapeutic effects on post-implant osseointegration, through an integrative literature review. The methodology consists of a guided search in Portuguese and English from 2001 to 2020 through texts in Google Scholar, PubMed and Scielo databases. Results: The technique of osseointegrated implants within implantology has made great advances possible by favoring the restoration of dental function and aesthetics in total and partial edentulous individuals. This type of implant is successful when the phenomenon of osseointegration occurs, a complex process that depends on several local and systemic circumstances for stability and durability of the implant. In this sense, the use of photobiomodulation in Implant Dentistry can promote speed in the osseointegration process and, consequently, establish better conditions in the postoperative period. Final Considerations: Although several authors present satisfactory results in both photobiomodulation modalities, mainly acceleration of the initial phases of osseointegration, more research in this area should be carried out so that this relationship is better clarified.
The modern conception of dentistry is based on the search for noninvasive clinical applicability methods that improve the prognoses of dental pathologies and, therefore, the interest in light-tissue interaction technology has increased in the last decade. The present study aims to explore the applicability of photobiomodulation (PBM) in dentistry with emphasis on wavelengths provided to target tissues and the underlying mechanisms of action of lasers observed in the treatment of various oral diseases, as well as the affected processes that include, but are not limited to wound healing, tissue biostimulation, tissue and nerve regeneration, inhibition of pain and inflammatory processes. The effects obtained through photobiomodulation are correlated with the parameters involved, such as the equipment used, wavelength, power dosages, irradiation duration, energy density, general patient conditions, target tissue, pathology and etiologies considered. Depending on the conditions reported, the photobiomodulator effect or also known as low intensity laser therapy (LLLT) influences the increase of cellular metabolism through the application of photonic energy that presents monochromaticity and propagates consistently in time and space. Thus, the protocols for the application of the photonic properties of this therapeutic modality should be analyzed in the treatment of oral conditions and pathologies associated with glandular, neural, autoimmune, traumatic, and idiopathic diseases.
This study discussed the characteristics of photobiomodulation modalities using low-level laser and light-emitting diodes and their therapeutic effects on post-implant osseointegration, through an integrative literature review. The methodology consists of a guided search in Portuguese and English from 2001 to 2020 through texts in Google Scholar, PubMed and Scielo databases. Results: The technique of osseointegrated implants within implantology has made great advances possible by favoring the restoration of dental function and aesthetics in total and partial edentulous individuals. This type of implant is successful when the phenomenon of osseointegration occurs, a complex process that depends on several local and systemic circumstances for stability and durability of the implant. In this sense, the use of photobiomodulation in Implant Dentistry can promote speed in the osseointegration process and, consequently, establish better conditions in the postoperative period. Final Considerations: Although several authors present satisfactory results in both photobiomodulation modalities, mainly acceleration of the initial phases of osseointegration, more research in this area should be carried out so that this relationship is better clarified.
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