Limbah menjadi masalah serius yang terjadi di berbagai negara khususnya di Indonesia. Salah satunya adalah Limbah Restoran yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai limbah organik dan limbah cair domestik. Limbah Restoran yang tidak diolah dengan baik dapat menjadi salah satu faktor pencemaran lingkungan. Apalagi di tahun 2030 dengan masalah utama adalah peningkatan populasi di perkotaan, perubahan pola konsumsi masyarakat, masuknya restoran yang menyedikan berbagai makanan cepat saji akan lebih memprihatinkan jika tidak segera ditangani. Pengelolaan Limbah Restoran yang tidak benar dapat menimbulkan masalah yaitu tercemarnya udara yang tidak sedap di lingkungan sekitar restoran, sarang penyakit, pencemaran lingkungan dan penyumbatan saluran air. Beberapa data yang diperoleh dari KemenLH pada tahun 2017 yakni jumlah total limbah yang dihasilkan di Indonesia sebesar 187,2 juta ton per tahun, sedangkan untuk Limbah Restoran 16,7 juta ton per tahun atau setara dengan 44,5%. Dari hal tersebut penulis memberikan solusi berupa pemberlakuan pajak limbah (Re-Tax: Restaurant Waste Tax) untuk menekan dampak Limbah Restoran demi terwujudnya indonesia sebagai poros kelestarian lingkungan dunia. Sistem yang akan diterapkan adalah dengan menggunakan data limbah maksimum sebagai dasar pemberlakukan pajak. Dengan sistematikanya sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 2009 yaitu diambil 10% dari penjualan. Penulis menggunakan metode penulisan yuridis-normatif, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Dalam memberikan solusi tersebut diharapkan mampu mencapai tujuan yaitu menanggulangi kerusakan lingkungan karena Limbah-Limbah Restoran yang belum dilakukan pengolahan, menekan jumlah pembuangan Limbah Restoran, menjaga kelestarian lingkungan dan menambah pendapatan pemerintah daerah melalui pemberlakuan pajak.
As a maritime country with area of 5.9 million km2 with 6.4 million tons of fisheries resources. But with this potential there are still many crimes at sea, one of them is illegal fishing. To overcome various crimes at sea, the government provides the Shipping Court and the Fisheries Court which are expected to fulfill the legal needs of the sea, but in their implementation the two institutions are less than optimal. In the industrial revolution era 4.0, need a means to optimize public services in the justice system, especially in the maritime area. Based on the problem, we established the floating court based on e-floating court which is judicial institution to synergize the performance of shipping court and fisheries court in enforcement of marine law in Indonesia. In this study the authors used a juridical-normative research method.
Indonesia's energy transition trends are faced with many challenges and require support in several life sectors. Thus, the pledge of legal certainty and justice through the policies and legal arrangements has become a crucial factor. The present research employed normative legal research with a statutory, historical, and conceptual approach. The purpose of the research was to examine the regulation about energy control in Indonesia all this time and the prospects to regulate energy development from the economic constitution perspective. This study uses a normative juridical method with statutory, historical and conceptual approaches. The results had indicated that such a perspective became an ideal concept to be a basis, reference, and control to the energy regulation in the future. The economic constitution also implied that the economy was built as a shared effort referred to the principle of kinship. Consequently, each of the energy development elements, i.e., policy, management, regulation, and supervision had to be carefully measured for the sake of human’s prosperity. The development and use of renewable energy as the core energy source were strongly consistent with the actualization of economic welfare and safety among the people, which remarked the key to indicating the existence of the economic constitution.
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