Wickerhamomyces anomalus is pectinolytic yeast isolated from citrus fruits peels in the province of Misiones, Argentine. In the present work, enzymes produced by this yeast strain were characterized, and polygalacturonase physicochemical properties were determined in order to evaluate the application of the supernatant in the maceration of potato tissues.
W. anomalus was able to produce PG in liquid medium containing glucose and citrus pectin, whose mode of action was mainly of endo type. The supernatant did not exhibit esterase or lyase activity. No others enzymes, capable of hydrolyzing cell wall polymers, such as cellulases and xylanases, were detected. PG showed maximal activity at pH 4.5 and at temperature range between 40°C and 50°C. It was stable in the pH range from 3.0 to 6.0 and up to 50°C at optimum pH. The enzymatic extract macerated potato tissues efficiently. Volume of single cells increased with the agitation speed.
The results observed make the enzymatic extract produced by W. anomalus appropriate for future application in food industry, mainly for the production of fruit nectars or mashed of vegetables such as potato or cassava, of regional interest in the province of Misiones, Argentine.
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de las condiciones de cultivo sobre la producción de una Poligalacturonasa (PGasa) por Wickerhamomyces anomalus. Las fermentaciones se realizaron en frascos agitados, en un medio sintético, variando las condiciones de cultivo (temperatura, pH y velocidad de agitación). Se aplicó inicialmente un diseño factorial 23 y posteriormente la metodología de superficie de respuesta. Se evaluó la capacidad macerante del extracto enzimático sobre un tejido vegetal. El pH y la temperatura influyeron significativamente en la producción de la enzima PGasa, mientras que la influencia de la velocidad de agitación fue no significativa. Los mayores títulos se obtuvieron a 30° C y pH de 5,1; con un valor máximo de actividad PGasa de 18,84 UE/mL. El extracto enzimático fue capaz de macerar tejidos de pimiento morrón. Se obtuvieron extractos enzimáticos con elevada actividad PGasa, en las condiciones seleccionadas, de interés en tecnología de los alimentos.
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