Objective: To identify the prevalence of insulin resistance in adolescents and its associations with metabolic factors and food intake. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with a stratified, complex, school-based sample. The subjects were adolescents (n=1,081) who participated in the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents in the city of Recife (Pernambuco, Brazil). We analyzed demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary variables. Insulin resistance was defined as HOMA-IR>75th percentile. A Poisson multivariate regression model with robust variance adjustment was used, and variables with p≤0.05 in the final model were considered statistically associated with insulin resistance. Results: Median age was 14 years (interquartile range: 13-16 years), and 25.3% of the sample showed insulin resistance. The variables associated with insulin resistance in the final model were age, body mass index-for-age (BMI/A), biochemical markers (triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and saturated fat intake, with insulin resistance being more prevalent in individuals whose consumption of this type of fat was below the median of the sample distribution. Conclusions: Insulin resistance was prevalent in the adolescents analyzed and was significantly associated with metabolic variables and saturated fat intake.
Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência e identificar os fatores associados ao ganho ponderal inadequado durante a gestação nas Unidades de Saúde do Município de Chã Grande – PE. Trata-se de um estudo de delineamento transversal com amostra representativa das unidades de saúde das zonas urbana e rural da cidade. Foram coletados dados antropométricos, sociodemográficos e de estilo de vida. Adicionalmente, aplicou-se uma escala de conhecimento nutricional e uma escala para rastreio da ansiedade e depressão. As análises foram feitas por meio da Regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto da variância, sendo considerado um nível de significância de 5% no modelo final. A amostra final foi de 188 gestantes, sendo evidenciada prevalência de ganho de peso excessivo de 62,8% (IC95% 55,4 – 69,7). O modelo de regressão de Poisson, com variância robusta, mostrou que o ganho ponderal excessivo durante a gestação se associou à maior escolaridade, ao excesso de peso pré-gestacional, a um menor número de consultas do pré-natal, ao não pensamento em abortar e à falta do acompanhamento nutricional. Assim, os resultados chamam atenção para a necessidade de monitoramento do ganho de peso durante a gestação com a prevenção e o controle dos fatores de risco modificáveis.
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