We provide a database of the coseismic geological surface effects following the Mw 6.5 Norcia earthquake that hit central Italy on 30 October 2016. This was one of the strongest seismic events to occur in Europe in the past thirty years, causing complex surface ruptures over an area of >400 km2. The database originated from the collaboration of several European teams (Open EMERGEO Working Group; about 130 researchers) coordinated by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia. The observations were collected by performing detailed field surveys in the epicentral region in order to describe the geometry and kinematics of surface faulting, and subsequently of landslides and other secondary coseismic effects. The resulting database consists of homogeneous georeferenced records identifying 7323 observation points, each of which contains 18 numeric and string fields of relevant information. This database will impact future earthquake studies focused on modelling of the seismic processes in active extensional settings, updating probabilistic estimates of slip distribution, and assessing the hazard of surface faulting.

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HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.Complex basin development in a wrench-dominated back-arc area: tectonic evolution of the Crati Basin, Calabria, ItalyTo cite this version: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.Page 1 (1, *); Tondi, E.( 1) ; Mazzoli, S; 4(1) Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Camerino, Italy 5 (2) Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Italy 6 7 (*) corresponding author: e.mail: spinavincenzo@yahoo.it fax. +39 06. 61248020 8 now at: 9(1) Total Exploration and Production Italia, via Cornelia 498; 00166, Rome (Italy) 10 11 Abstract 12Field data and seismic reflection profiles of various resolutions, calibrated by deep well logs, 13 have been used to unravel the tectonic evolution of the Crati Basin (southern Italy). The study 14 area is located in the northern portion of the Calabrian Arc, a well-developed arc-shaped 15 feature of the circum-Mediterranean belts, consisting of a series of ophiolite-bearing tectonic 16 units and overlying basement nappes. NW-SE oriented left-lateral strike-slip faults exerted a 17 major control on the tectonic evolution of northern-central Calabria, from Middle Miocene to 18Lower Pleistocene times. Such faults, arranged in an en-échelon geometry and dissecting the 19 pre-existing Late Oligocene-Early Miocene orogenic belt, led to a structural setting including 20 major N-S striking synforms -as the offshore Paola Basin and the Crati Basin are interpreted 21 based on our results -separated by a broad antiformal ridge. Since the Middle Pleistocene, 22 both E-and W-dipping normal faults developed in the southernmost sector of the Crati Basin, 23 probably as a consequence of both uplift of the orogenic edifice and Tyrrhenian back-arc 24

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Thrust propagation through previously rifted continental margins may result in fold and thrust belts whose structure is strongly controlled by the inherited basin architecture, as it occurs in southern Italy. The Lagonegro units of the southern Apennines comprise a deformed pelagic basin succession showing variable stratigraphic characteristics, mainly lateral variations in both facies and thickness, interpreted to be due to a complex basin topography related to a Triassic rifting event. In contrast to previous studies, cross-section balancing and restoration indicate that the Lagonegro units exposed in the high Agri Valley area suffered relatively limited internal shortening (8 km, i.e. 35%). Early deformation of these rocks, later incorporated into a large-displacement thrust sheet, was dominated by folding around (present-day) roughly north–south-trending axes. The attainment of a regional décollement level was favoured by an early mild inversion of the basin, producing a roughly similar structural elevation of both hanging-wall and footwall successions to Mesozoic faults. Most of the contractional deformation was accommodated by buckling of the Mesozoic syn-rift strata between synsedimentary faults, which represented major mechanical interfaces. Early strain localization in the Lagonegro Basin ahead of the active thrust front was most probably mechanically controlled by a faulted crustal segment which originally lay, within the continental margin, between two massive carbonate platforms.

a b s t r a c tRecent field-based studies documented deformation bands in porous carbonates; these structures accommodate volumetric and/or shear strain by means of pore collapse, grain rotation and/or sliding. Microstructural observations of natural deformation bands in carbonates showed that, at advanced stages of deformation, pressure solution helps to reduce the grain size, enhancing comminuted flow and forming narrow cataclastic zones within the bands. In contrast, laboratory studies on the mechanics of deformation bands in limestones identified grain crushing, pore collapse and mechanical twinning as the micromechanisms leading to strain localization.Here, we present a multidisciplinary field and laboratory study performed on a Cretaceous carbonate grainstone to investigate the microprocesses associated to deformation banding in this rock. A quantitative microstructural analysis, carried out on natural deformation bands aimed at defining the spatial distribution of pressure solutions, was accompanied by a force chain orientation study. Two sets of triaxial experiments were performed under wet conditions on selected host rock samples. The deformed samples often displayed a shear-enhanced compaction behavior and strain hardening, associated with various patterns of strain localization.We constrained the pressure conditions at which natural deformation bands developed by reproducing in laboratory both low and high angle to the major principal stress axis deformation bands. The comparison among natural and laboratory-formed structures, allowed us to gain new insights into the role, and the relative predominance, of different microprocesses (i.e. microcracking, twinning and pressure solution) in nature and laboratory.