The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plant stands out for being a species cultivated throughout the national territory, being the most important vegetable in Brazil, from the socioeconomic point of view. However, it has been one of the crops most affected by phytosanitary problems. For example, there are the pest insects of the genus Epicauta (Coleoptera: Meloidae). Thus, the objective of this study was to record the occurrence of a pest insect (beetle) harming vegetative growth and productive performance in the fresh-market tomato crop and feeding on weeds. The tomato plants were found on “jurubeba” (Solanum paniculatum L.) rootstock, spaced 1.0 m x 0.5 m, grown in the municipality of Rolim de Moura, Rondônia state. The insect-pest (beetle) was identified as Epicauta vittata (Fabricius). It was observed that the damages caused by the larvae occurred in the main stem of the tomato, only above the grafting site, causing boring, however no damage was observed in the rootstock (“jurubeba”). Adult insects caused defoliation in both tomato plant and joyweed (Alternanthera tenella Colla), slender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis L.), “trapoeraba” (Commelina benghalensis L.) and morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea [L.]). High population of E. vittata causes severe damages to tomato, damaging the vegetative growth and productive performance of the crop, however does not affect the root system when grafted with “jurubeba” (S. paniculatu). Epicauta vittata in the adult phase is fed alternately of weeds.
MORFOFISIOLOGIA DO CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE CAFEEIROS SOB SALINIDADE DA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO IDELFONSO LEANDRO BEZERRA1; LUCAS DA SILVA SANTOS1; VALÉRIA LOPES DE OLIVEIRA2; FRED MELO TOLEDO3; EMANOEL PEREIRA SAMPAIO4 E DAVID BRAGA DE CASTRO4 1Professor do Departamento Acadêmico de Agronomia, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia – Campus Rolim de Moura, Avenida Norte Sul, 3.700, Nova Morada, 76.940-000, Rolim de Moura, Rondônia, Brasil, e-mail: idelfonsobezerra@unir.br; lucas.santos@unir.br. 2Mestranda em Química Tecnológica e Ambiental, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Mato Grosso, Avenida Vereador Juliano da Costa Marques, S/N, Bela Vista, 78050-560, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil, e-mail: valeriaagroengenheira@gmail.com. 3Engenheiro Agrônomo, Empresa Maxxima Consultorias Eireli, Rua Zelino Agostinho Lorenzetti, 127w, Campos de Júlio, Mato Grosso, Brasil, e-mail: frj31.fm@gmail.com. 4Estudantes de Iniciação Científica do Curso Bacharelado em Agronomia, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia – Campus Rolim de Moura, Rondônia, Brasil, e-mail: emanuelsampaio22@gmail.com; david.braga.ifroagro2013@gmail.com. 1 RESUMO A intensidade do estresse salino na planta depende da tolerância, que é variável entre espécies e entre genótipos da mesma espécie. Objetivou-se neste trabalho, avaliar os efeitos da salinidade da água de irrigação sobre o crescimento vegetativo inicial, trocas gasosas, extravasamento de eletrólitos e estado hídrico de clones de café canéfora. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido usando o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 5x2, com quatro repetições, sendo cinco condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação (CEa): 0,08; 0,88; 1,68; 2,48 e 3,28 dS m-1 e dois clones: C08 e C25. Houve efeito da interação entre salinidade e clones apenas para área foliar aos 60 dias após o transplantio (DAT). A CEa acima de 0,08 dS m-1 provocou redução na condutância estomática, concentração interna de CO2, transpiração, taxa de assimilação de CO2, número de folhas, altura de planta, diâmetro de caule, área foliar, fitomassa fresca e seca da parte aérea, seca da raiz e relação raiz/parte aérea aos 60 DAT, e no teor relativo de água nos tecidos foliares e dano na membrana celular aos 30 e 60 DAT. Houve efeito significativo dos clones apenas para altura de plantas aos 30 e 60 DAT. Palavras-chaves: Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner, estresse salino, trocas gasosas, desenvolvimento de plântulas. BEZERRA, I. L.; SANTOS, L. S.; OLIVEIRA, V. L.; TOLEDO, F. M.; SAMPAIO, E. P.; CASTRO, D. B MORPHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE INITIAL GROWTH OF COFFEE UNDER IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY 2 ABSTRACT The intensity of salt stress on the plant depends on tolerance, which varies between species and between genotypes of the same species. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of irrigation water salinity on the initial vegetative growth, gas exchange, electrolyte leakage, and water status of coffee canephora clones. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using a randomized block experimental design, in a 5x2 factorial scheme, with four replications, with five electrical conductivities of the irrigation water (ECw): 0.08; 0.88; 1.68; 2.48, and 3.28 dS m-1 and two clones: C08 and C25. There was an interaction effect between salinity and clones only for leaf area at 60 days after transplanting (DAT). The ECw above 0.08 dS m-1 reduced stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, transpiration, CO2 assimilation rate, number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, fresh and dry biomass aerial part, root dryness, and root/shoot ratio at 60 DAT, and in relative water content in leaf tissues and cell membrane damage at 30 and 60 DAT. There was a significant effect of clones only for plant height at 30 and 60 DAT. Keywords: Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner, salt stress, gas exchange, seedling development.
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