Background. Albuminuria is an early clinical indicator of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). however, it has several limitations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plasma microrNA-192 (mirNA-192) expression and its diagnostic performance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and DKD. Methods. In this case-control study, 75 subjects were included into 3 groups: group (1): 20 patients with T2DM and UACr (urinary albumin creatinine ratio) < 30 mg/gm, group (2): 30 patients with T2DM and ACr ≥ 30 mg/gm, and group (3): 25 healthy controls. Patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic of the Diabetes unit at our institution. real-Time Quantitative reverse Transcription PCr was used to assess plasma mirNA-192 expression. Results. Plasma miRNA-192 was significantly higher in T2DM patients with DKD compared to those with normal UAE. Additionally, in patients with T2DM, plasma mirNA-192 was positively correlated with UACr. The rOC curve analysis for mirNA-192 plasma expression in patients with T2DM, revealed that mirNA-192 had a good diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.778) to define T2DM patients with DKD. Conclusion. Plasma expression of mirNA-192 was able to discriminate increased UAE among patients with T2DM; suggesting a promising role for mirNA-192 as a potential biomarker for DKD.
Background
Diabetes and stroke prevalence rates are increasing worldwide, and both are major human health threats causing disability and death. Diabetes is a well-known independent risk factor for stroke. In addition, diabetes increases the prevalence of other stroke risk factors; however, few studies evaluate whether diabetes may influence stroke presentation.
Aim of the work
This study was conducted to assess the risk factors and clinical presentation of stroke in patients with and without diabetes.
Patients and methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 patients with radiologically confirmed acute cerebrovascular stroke, selected from tertiary care hospitals in Alexandria, Egypt. They were divided into 2 groups: group 1: 100 patients with diabetes for more than 5 years and group 2: 100 nondiabetic patients. All patients were evaluated for risk factors, stroke types, and clinical presentation.
Results
Compared with nondiabetic patients, diabetic patients with stroke had a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension (p = 0.031) and dyslipidemia (p = 0.016) and higher incidence of ischemic stroke (p = 0.030), and they were more likely to present with motor deficit (p = 0.045) and dysarthria (p = 0.048). There was a modest difference between diabetic and nondiabetic group regarding OCSP ischemic stroke subtypes, but it was non-significant.
Conclusion
There was a significant difference in stroke risk factors, pathological types, and presentation between diabetic and nondiabetic patients, but not in ischemic stroke anatomical subtypes.
Background: The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing over the past years. Early identification and management of its complications, especially diabetic kidney disease (DKD), is of great importance. Multiple factors play a role in the pathogenesis of T2DM and DKD. We aimed to study Fetuin-A gene polymorphisms and Fetuin-A serum levels in T2DM patients with early DKD.
Methods: The present work was conducted on 120 patients with T2DM (60 patients with microalbuminuria and 60 without albuminuria), and 30 healthy subjects (as a control group). Serum Fetuin-A levels were measured with ELISA. Fetuin-A, Thr256Ser and Thr248Met polymorphisms were determined by PCR-RFLP.
Results: Patients with T2DM had a significantly higher mean serum Fetuin-A compared to controls (p < 0.001), while no difference was observed when comparing mean serum Fetuin-A in patients with microalbuminuria and patients without albuminuria (p = 0.916). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and insulin resistance had positive correlations with serum Fetuin-A (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) had a negative correlation with serum Fetuin-A (p=0.046), while Fetuin-A levels neither affected eGFR nor albuminuria. The distribution of the alleles of both polymorphisms showed increased frequency of TT (rs248) and GG (rs256) in patients without albuminuria compared to patients with microalbuminuria.
Conclusion: Increased serum Fetuin-A is associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM, but is not associated with the development of DKD. TT (rs248) and GG (rs256) polymorphisms may be associated with lower risk of DKD.
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