Diesel exhaust nanoparticles (DENPs) are gaseous exhaust and one component of particulate matter (PM) air pollution which is found to cause health hazards in humans. Quercetin is widely known for its antioxidant and antitoxic potential. We aimed todetect the protective effect of quercetin in DENP-induced cardio toxicity. Fifty Malealbino rats were divided into two groups,first group (ten rats) divided into two equal subgroups (one receive saline act as control and other receive quercetin,the second group (forty rats)divided equally into two subgroups (one was treated with repeated doses of DENPs [90µg/ rat and 180µg/ rat for 6 days intratracheally every two days] and other treated orally with quercetin (60 mg/kg B.Wt.) 1h prior to DENP exposure,DNA damagewas examined by measureserum8-hydroxydeoguanosine (8-OHdG) levels followed by histological and immunohistochemical studies for nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) expression in heart tissues. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and serum level 8-Ohd Gare significantly higher in repeated doses of DENPs than the control group. Pretreatment with quercetin reduced significantly serum level 8-OhdGwhen compared to DENPs group.Cardiac myocytes disruption, vacuolation, inflammation and wide separation of its fibers in contrast to control group. Myocyteinflammations were significantly decreased with quercetin group compared with control group (decrease NF-κBimmunostaining). The present work yields experimentalevidence that quercetin can reduce oxidative DNA damage and inflammation induced by DENPs, so suggested that quercetin possible cardioprotective effect against DENPs.
Background: Corneal injury commonly caused by chemical agents. Alkali agents affect corneal clarity and impaired visions with defective treatments. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent self-renewal cells which give challenge for many diseases.The aim of the work: Is to study the role of BM-MSCs as therapeutic modality on alkali-induced corneal injury in rats.Material and methods: Thirty adult male albino rats had been divided into three equal groups: 1-Group I as a control. 2-Group II (bilateral alkali-burnt corneas) and received 200 mg/kg cyclophosphamide to induce bone marrow-suppression also, divided into: subgroup IIa, bone marrow suppressed without MSCs treatment; subgroup IIb, bone marrow suppressed with MSCs treatment. 3-Group III (bilateral alkali-burnt corneas) as normal bone marrow function and divided into: subgroup IIIa, normal bone marrow function, without MSCs treatment; subgroup IIIb, normal bone marrow function, with autologous MSCs treatment.Results: Corneas of alkali burn rats with CP without MSCs treatment revealed degeneration with loss of the superficial epithelial cells and corneal neovascularization with stromal separation, interstitial hemorrhage and cellular infiltration. While in sub group IIIa, produced moderate changes compared with subgroup IIa. In corneas of alkali burn rats treated with MSCs and received CP produced slight improvement, while those treated with MCSs without CP for 2 weeks after alkali burn showed nearly normal histological and ultrastructural pictures. Conclusion:MSC transplantation could ameliorate corneal healing in rats in alkaliinduced the corneal ulcer.
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