Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignancy worldwide. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms were linked to different cancers. This study was carried out to assess the possible relation between VDR gene polymorphism and the occurrence of HCC in chronic hepatitis C patients. This study included 102 subjects classified into three groups. Group A included 34 healthy subjects as control. Group B included 34 chronic hepatitis C patients with HCC. Group C included 34 chronic hepatitis C patients without HCC. Estimation of Apa-1 VDR gene polymorphism was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism-Polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR). Results In HCC group, C allele was more frequent than A allele (80.88% and 19.12%), respectively. In chronic hepatitis group, C allele was more frequent than A allele (64.71% and 35.29%), respectively. In control group, A allele was more frequent than C allele (73.53% and 26.47%), respectively. Genotype CC + CA was dominant in HCC group (91.18%) and chronic hepatitis group (79.41%). In the control group, the dominant genotype was AA (58.82%). Moreover, there was a significant relation between Apa-1 VDR genotype CC and tumor size. Conclusions There is an association between VDR Apa-1 polymorphism and the occurrence of HCC in chronic hepatitis C patients.
BACKGROUND:The prevalence of anti-HEV in Egypt is among the highest of any country in the world. The outcomes of pregnancy in infected women need to be delineated. AIM: To screen pregnant females for hepatitis E IgG and to assess the effect of HEV IgG on the pregnancy outcome. METHODS: 142 consecutive pregnant women were subjected to full history-taking, thorough clinical examination, abdominal ultrasonography and IgG antibody to HEV using ELISA kits. HEV avidity index was estimated for anti-HEV positive cases. RESULTS: There was a significant elevation of HEV IgG antibody in the serum of pregnant women, especially in the countryside, in age group more than 30 years and in the third trimester of pregnancy. There was a possible association between HEV IgG antibody and liver fatty infiltration and neonatal jaundice. There was a significant inverse correlation between HEV IgG avidity index and age. No clinical correlation noticed between HEV IgG avidity index and history of previous abortion, the number of pregnancy, complete blood picture (CBC), liver enzymes, INR or serum creatinine. There was no statistically significant association between HEV IgG avidity indices and outcome of gestation. CONCLUSION: HEV IgG is prevalent in serum of pregnant women but with benign course of both the pregnant lady and her outcome.
Background: A considerable amount of evidence showed how metabolic factors may influence the natural history of patients with chronic hepatitis C and affect the outcome of antiviral therapies. Aim: To evaluate the clinical significance of visceral adiposity index (VAI) as a new predictor of early and sustained virological response (SVR) in hepatitis C patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 hepatitis C virus infected patients under treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin and who had a baseline serum lipid profile were included in this prospective study. Results of lipoprotein profiles and clinical data, including body mass index and waist circumference, were compared between patients with a sustained virological response and non-SVR or a non-virological response (NVR) and virological responses other than NVR (non-NVR). In addition, significant predictive factors independently associated with virological response to peg-IFNα-2b plus RBV were determined by statistical analysis. Results: End of treatment complete response was seen in 56% (n=28) and whereas 26% (n=13) were breakthroughers. SVR was seen in 40% (n=20) patients giving 60% failure response. The basal VAI was low in SVR (mean + SD = 1.27 + 0.7) in comparison to the failure group (1.7 + 0.8) and tend to be not markedly elevated at the 48 week when compared with the failure group (1.6 + 56 and 2.22 + 0.71, respectively). Conclusion: Pre-treatment and on-treatment VAI can predict response to treatment and SVR that can help in individualizing treatment and patient selection and optimize treatment outcomes.
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