Streszczenie: Artykuł przedstawia problem położenia dziecka wiejskiego w tradycyjnej kulturze ludowej w oparciu o pamiętniki kobiet. Dobór źródeł pozwala odkryć kobiecą perspektywę w opisie rodziny chłopskiej. Autorka dzieli wspomnienia chłopek na relacje o dzieciństwie, czyli wspomnienia z czasów, gdy autorki były dziećmi, oraz relacje o dziecku, czyli takie, w których mowa o dzieciach autorek lub dzieciach wiejskich w ogóle. Oba rodzaje narracji ujawniają odmienność doświadczeń kobiecych i męskich, która kształtowała się od pierwszych lat życia człowieka.Słowa kluczowe: dziecko, dzieciństwo, rodzina chłopska, perspektywa kobieca/feminizm Childhood and child in narratives of peasant memoirs Abstract: The article presents the issue of village children's position in traditional folk culture based on women diaries. The selection of historical source materials enable to reveal women's perspective in description of peasant family. The author divides peasant women's memories into transmission about childhood, that is memories of time, when the authors were children and transmission about child, that is narratives about authors' children or village children in general. Both types of narrations shows the difference between women's and men's experiences, which has formed since the first years of human life.
This article attempts to answer the question about the position of women in Polish peasant families in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries based on the memoirs of rural women. Contrary to the claim that taking control over the household budget gave women more power on the farm, memoirs of peasant women show that it was rather an additional duty and responsibility. This problem mainly affected low-income families, where income from typically male activities was insufficient, so homemakers supported the family from the female part of the farm: gardening and dairy production. Thus, despite the decisive importance of women’s earnings for the household budget, their power in the family had only a symbolic dimension.
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