This paper describes the economic potential of each industrial origin Humbang Hasundutan regency period 2010-2018. The analysis is based on: (1) location quotient (LQ), (2) sectoral contribution to GDRP, and (3) sectoral contribution to the regency's economic growth rate. Assuming that there is no a drastic change in the sectoral GDRP value in one or several industrial origin, the annual average value from the observation period is used. Furthermore, to determine the economic potential of each industrial origin based on established quantitative criteria. The results of data analysis indicate that only one industrial origin has high economic potential, namely agriculture, forestry and fisheries. Then there are two industrial origin with moderate potential, i.e.: (1) construction and (2) government administration, defense and campulsory social security. The remaining fourteen other industrial origin have low potential. Over time, it is estimated that there will be changes in the contribution of each industrial origin to GDRP and the rate of regency economic growth. However, agriculture, forestry and fisheries are estimated to still have high potential in the next few decades, especially since Humbang Hasundutan regency has been designated as one of the food estate for Indonesia.
Objectives of the study are: (1) to estimate the influence of input value and labor expenditure on the output of micro and small industries in Indonesia, (2) to analyze the form of translog production function that is compatible with micro and small industries in Indonesia. The analytical method used is descriptive method and analysis of translog production functions with scenarios: linear translog function, complete second-order or quadratic linear translog function, and linear translog function with interaction. Results showed that (1) the function of linear translog production with interaction was more suitable used to estimate the production output of micro and small industries in Indonesia, (2) input value and labor expenditure had a positive and significant effect on output values, (3) micro-industry enterprises more emphasis on the allocation of larger workforce, while small-scale industry emphasizes greater allocation of input value, (4) the allocation of input value and labor expenditure are more efficient in micro-industries compared to small-scale industries.
The purpose of the research is to identify four factors that are consider to influence dowry (sinamot) in Batak Toba traditional marriage (traditional wedding) before the Covid-19 pandemic in Medan. The sample research is purposive sampling namely the parents of the groom as the providers of sinamot and financing their son’s traditional wedding. The sample method is non probability sampling, that is an accidental sampling with 40 families. Besides other the groom family (paranak), other sources of additional information are raja parhata because they can provide general information for the independent factors on sinamot. The factors considered in this research as independent variabales consist of upa tulang, number of ulos from the bride family (parboru) and two dummy variables that are job status and level education of the bride. The data is tabulated and then analyzed by multiple linear regression. The research show that four variables have a positive effect on the dowry. This is accordance with economic criteria show that upa tulang, number of ulos, job status of the bride and level education of the bride have positive effect on the sinamot. However based on partial test (t - test) only two variables have positive significant on the dowry namely upa tulang and job status of the bride. But based on simultaneous test (F-test) the four factors simultaneously effects on the dowry. Coefficient of determination (R2) is 0,846 and R square adjusted is 0,828 which means 4 independent variables are able to explain the variation of the dowry between 82,8 to 84,6 percent.
Investments can be made in various types in the financial market. Some of them are gold, stock, foreign exchange and deposit investments. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is very difficult to make profitable and safe investments. This research was conducted to determine which types of investments are safe to do during the COVID-19 pandemic. By using the Kruskal Wallis test, which is non-parametric statistics, which is an alternative to the one-way ANOVA test that can be used if the sample is not normally distributed. From the results of the Kruskal Wallis Test, it was found that the most profitable type of investment in the financial market during the covid-19 pandemic was stock investment and the results of statistical tests showed that there were significant differences that were profitable from the types of investments in gold, stocks, and foreign exchange.
The aim of this study is to describe the tradition of ulos holong, that the offering of ulos for bride/groom in every Toba Batak wedding ceremony in Medan, creates an economic impact on the bridegroom. The research was carried out in three sub-districts in two stages of time, that is September 2019 – February 2020 (before the Covid-19 pandemic) and September 2020 to February 2021 (during the Covid-19 pandemic). The sampling method was carried out by accidental sampling by selecting 30 families at each stage of the study. The results showed that all respondents sold most of the received ulos because the utility or use value of the ulos for bride and grooms was very limited. This is a practical and rational choice because the proceeds from the sale (cash) are more useful than ulos, especially in the short term. Meanwhile, implementing ulos tinonun sadari can also be a more practical and economical option as a substitute for ulos holong. However, because ulos holong is still maintained, so that from opportunity cost approach, this tradition has still an economic impact on the bride and groom. The value is the difference between the value of the ulos tinonun sadari which should be received by the bride/grooms from the proceeds of the sale of ulos holong. So, by maintaining the ulos holong tradition, the bride and grooms “lose income” several million rupiah for each traditional wedding ceremony. The value is greater before the pandemic period than during the pandemic.
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