An integrated tunable CMOS laser for silicon photonics, operating at the C-band, and fabricated in a commercial CMOS foundry is presented. The III-V gain medium section is embedded in the silicon chip, and is hermetically sealed. The gain section is metal bonded to the silicon substrate creating low thermal resistance into the substrate and avoiding lattice mismatch problems. Optical characterization shows high performance in terms of side mode suppression ratio, relative intensity noise, and linewidth that is narrow enough for coherent communications.
Free-carrier absorption (FCA) has proven to be an important obstacle in the development of a silicon-based laser; however, FCA may serve as a potential advantage in active silicon-based switches or modulators. In this work, we present FCA modulation in slot waveguides with silicon nanocrystals (Si-ncs) embedded in SiO(2) as the low-index slot material. Slot waveguides were fabricated with and without Si-ncs, and the presence of Si-ncs was shown to increase the pump-induced FCA loss in the waveguides by a factor of 4.5. We modeled the Si-nc material using a four-level rate equation analysis to estimate the excited population of Si-ncs, allowing us to extract a value of 2.6 × 10(-17) cm(2) for the FCA cross section of the Si-nc material.
An integrated tunable C band laser fabricated in a commercial CMOS foundry is discussed. The laser is embedded in the silicon chip, and is hermetically sealed. Preliminary optical characterization results are presented.
In this paper we report the fabrication and characterization of waveguide coupled square resonators with modified corners, in particular the corner-cut square resonator. We employ rigorous FDTD analysis to identify an optimal corner-cut length and compare this with our experimental findings. Two- and three dimensional FDTD analysis is also used to optimize the coupling gap and the width of the coupling waveguide. Fabrication of the square microresonators on silicon-on-insulators by conventional E-beam lithography and dry etching techniques will be discussed in detail. The characterization of these corner-cut square microresonators shows good performance and excellent agreement with the rigorous electromagnetic simulations.
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