Sanitary sewage collection and treatment is a serious environmental problem in Brazilian cities, as well as the destination of solid waste resulting from this process, i.e. the sewage sludge, a substance rich in organic matter and nutrients, which is normally discarded in landfills. The aim of this study was to characterize the sewage sludge generated in four treatment stations in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil and check if they meet the legal criteria of the National Environment Council (CONAMA), Resolution No. 375/2006. It also focused on analyzing the perspectives for its agricultural recycling based on the potential demand for main agricultural crops grown in Rio de Janeiro State. Samples from eight sewage sludge lots from four treatment stations located in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro were analyzed. These stations receive and treat only domestic sewage by activated sludge system. For chemical and biological characterization of these lots, representative samples were collected and analyzed according to parameters of CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. In order to analyze the perspectives of agricultural recycling of sewage sludge in Rio de Janeiro State, 10 crops with the largest cultivated area in the state were surveyed and analyzed which of them are apt to receive sewage sludge as fertilizer and/or soil amendment. To determine the potential demand for sewage sludge in agriculture, the area occupied by these crops were multiplied by each fertilizer recommendation considering the sewage sludge as fertilizer. The analyzed sludge presented a high content of nutrients and organic matter and was included in the parameters of heavy metals, pathogenic agents, and bacteriological indicators stipulated by CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. The agricultural panorama of Rio de Janeiro State is favorable for agricultural recycling of sewage sludge since there is a great potential demand for this residue and, among the 10 agricultural crops with the largest cultivated area in the state, sludge can be used as fertilizer or soil amendment in eight of them. The implementation of a State Sewage Sludge Recycling Program could dispose of this material in a more sustainable way, as well as improve the quality of agricultural soils and reduce costs with chemical fertilizers, bringing positive results for sanitation companies and producers. Key words: Biosolid. Solid waste. Organic fertilization. ResumoA coleta e tratamento do esgoto sanitário é um grave problema ambiental nas cidades brasileiras, bem como a destinação do resíduo sólido resultante desse processo, o lodo de esgoto, substância rica em matéria orgânica e nutrientes, que normalmente é descartada em aterros sanitários. Objetivou-se com este trabalho caracterizar o lodo de esgoto gerado em quatro estações de tratamento do estado do Rio de Janeiro e verificar se os mesmos atendem aos critérios legais presentes na resolução CONAMA n°375/2006. Com o trabalho visa-se ainda analisar as perspectivas para a reciclagem agrícola deste material, com base na demanda p...

Atualmente a aquisição de substratos em quantidade e qualidade para a produção de mudas florestais é um grande desafio para o setor florestal, sendo a busca por substratos sustentáveis uma tendência ecológica, econômica e social. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar o crescimento, em viveiro e no primeiro ano após o plantio, de mudas de Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (aroeira pimenteira) produzidas com biossólido (BIO) e com substrato comercial (SC), sob doses de monoamônio fosfato (MAP) em adubação de cobertura. O MAP foi aplicado em doses crescentes nos tratamentos, a cada 21 dias em adubação de cobertura. O BIO, mesmo sem fertilização mineral complementar, favoreceu o crescimento em viveiro, resultando em mudas de qualidade morfológica superior às produzidas em SC sob adubação de cobertura. Tanto a utilização de BIO, quanto o uso de adubação de cobertura em níveis mais elevados podem ser utilizados para aumentar o estabelecimento e o crescimento das mudas de aroeira pimenteira em campo.

ResumoAvaliou-se o potencial de biossólidos procedentes de duas estações de tratamento de esgoto (ETE) para produção de mudas de Luehea divaricata, em comparação com um substrato comercial. Os tratamentos foram os biossólidos provenientes da ETE Sarapuí, localizada no município de Belford Roxo e da ETE do bairro Ilha do Governador, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, além do substrato comercial formado por casca de pinus compostada e vermiculita. As mudas foram produzidas em tubetes 280 cm³. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições, de seis mudas. Ao final do experimento, 105 dias após a repicagem, mensurou-se altura da parte aérea, diâmetro do coleto, área foliar, massa de matéria seca da parte aérea (M SPA) e de raízes (M SR). Foram calculadas a massa seca total, relação M SR / M SPA e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Constatou-se que, para a maioria dos parâmetros avaliados, os biossólidos de ambas as ETEs produziram mudas de Luehea divaricata com crescimento superior às produzidas com substrato comercial. Conclui-se que ambos os biossólidos são adequados para a produção de mudas da espécie estudada em tubetes de 280 cm 3 , sendo preferível utilizar biossólido da ETE Sarapuí.

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Sanitary sewage collection and treatment is a serious environmental problem in Brazilian cities, as well as the destination of solid waste resulting from this process, i.e. the sewage sludge, a substance rich in organic matter and nutrients, which is normally discarded in landfills. The aim of this study was to characterize the sewage sludge generated in four treatment stations in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil and check if they meet the legal criteria of the National Environment Council (CONAMA), Resolution No. 375/2006. It also focused on analyzing the perspectives for its agricultural recycling based on the potential demand for main agricultural crops grown in Rio de Janeiro State. Samples from eight sewage sludge lots from four treatment stations located in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro were analyzed. These stations receive and treat only domestic sewage by activated sludge system. For chemical and biological characterization of these lots, representative samples were collected and analyzed according to parameters of CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. In order to analyze the perspectives of agricultural recycling of sewage sludge in Rio de Janeiro State, 10 crops with the largest cultivated area in the state were surveyed and analyzed which of them are apt to receive sewage sludge as fertilizer and/or soil amendment. To determine the potential demand for sewage sludge in agriculture, the area occupied by these crops were multiplied by each fertilizer recommendation considering the sewage sludge as fertilizer. The analyzed sludge presented a high content of nutrients and organic matter and was included in the parameters of heavy metals, pathogenic agents, and bacteriological indicators stipulated by CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. The agricultural panorama of Rio de Janeiro State is favorable for agricultural recycling of sewage sludge since there is a great potential demand for this residue and, among the 10 agricultural crops with the largest cultivated area in the state, sludge can be used as fertilizer or soil amendment in eight of them. The implementation of a State Sewage Sludge Recycling Program could dispose of this material in a more sustainable way, as well as improve the quality of agricultural soils and reduce costs with chemical fertilizers, bringing positive results for sanitation companies and producers. Key words: Biosolid. Solid waste. Organic fertilization. ResumoA coleta e tratamento do esgoto sanitário é um grave problema ambiental nas cidades brasileiras, bem como a destinação do resíduo sólido resultante desse processo, o lodo de esgoto, substância rica em matéria orgânica e nutrientes, que normalmente é descartada em aterros sanitários. Objetivou-se com este trabalho caracterizar o lodo de esgoto gerado em quatro estações de tratamento do estado do Rio de Janeiro e verificar se os mesmos atendem aos critérios legais presentes na resolução CONAMA n°375/2006. Com o trabalho visa-se ainda analisar as perspectivas para a reciclagem agrícola deste material, com base na demanda p...

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Brazil has one of the largest prison populations globally, with high occupancy and recidivism rates. The possibility of professional training and work while serving time can be decisive to avoid recidivism and promote the resocialization of former inmates. The Replanting Life Program (Programa Replantando Vida-PRV) employs, trains, and remunerates inmates to work in ecological restoration activities, including seed collection, production of forest tree seedlings, planting, and water resources management. This study assesses the PRV's environmental benefits between 2015 and 2019, along with prisoners' motivation and perception of personal changes after working with ecological restoration. Recidivism rates among the participants were also determined. Between 2015 and 2019, the PRV nurseries produced 1,014,960 seedlings and collected more than 3 tons of seeds from 248 Atlantic Forest species. The PRV promoted ecological restoration and environmental education in more than 60 municipalities of Rio de Janeiro state. During this period, 326 prisoners worked in the PRV with ecological restoration for at least a month. The primary motivation that led inmates to seek job opportunities in the PRV was the right to remission, followed by professional training. Among the benefits perceived by prisoners for their lives, the most mentioned were the increased sense of responsibility, professional training, and family appreciation. PRV participants that worked in ecological restoration activities had recidivism rates of 22%, which is lower than the national average. It is possible to conclude from the PRV experience that prison work in ecological restoration, associated with professional training and income generation, can promote environmental benefits, reduce recidivism, and humanize the prison system.