of the Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping core facility of the CRCHUM for metabolic studies in mice; M. Guévremont, J. Morin, and the Cellular Physiology Service core of the CRCHUM for quantification of β cell mass and αLISA assay; C. Tremblay (CRCHUM) for valuable technical assistance; E. Joly for technical advice; and M. Ferdaoussi for fruitful discussions.Address correspondence to: Vincent Poitout, CRCHUM, 900 Saint-Denis Street, Montreal, Quebec, H2X 0A9, Canada. Phone: 514.890.8044; E-mail: vincent.poitout@umontreal.ca.the CHUM (protocols ND-05-035 and 16-048, respectively). Written consent for research was obtained from all donors.

P rotein-energy wasting (PEW) and cachexia, a severe form of PEW, are associated with poor survival in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may occur in 20% to 80% of hemodialysis (HD) patients. 1,2 However, the mechanisms involved in uremic PEW are complex and remain poorly understood. PEW is different from malnutrition as it cannot be overcome by nutritional supplementation. 3 To date, there are few, if any, effective therapies to improve PEW associated with CKD. 4 Whether there is an increase in resting energy expenditure (REE), and its role in PEW during CKD, remain topics of

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