Two experiments involving 124 Single Comb White Leghorn (Hy-Line) laying pullets and hens were conducted to determine the effect of zinc toxicity on bird performance. Twenty milligrams of zinc per gram of diet fed for 5 days significantly lowered fertility and hatchability of pullet eggs collected 14 to 28 days after the 5-day zinc feeding period. Zinc significantly depressed body weight on the day 5 of zinc feeding and significantly lowered egg poroduction from 0 to 4 weeks of test. Egg production from 4 to 12 weeks, feed conversion from 0 to 12 weeks, final body weight, and livability were not significantly affected. Hens fed the supplemental zinc for five days had depressed egg production from 0 to 4 weeks. Egg production from 4 to 12 weeks, feed conversion, final body weight, and livability were not significantly affected. Compared to their respective controls, 2% supplemental zinc fed for 5 days significantly improved hen but not pullet egg weight. Hen eggs collected 28 days after hens received the zinc diet contained significantly less potassium, copper, and zinc than the controls.
Uniconazole (0.2 g a.i. per cm trunk diameter) was applied as a soil drench to 2-year-old potted macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche) trees, and reapplied yearly for 4 additional years. Uniconazole significantly reduced tree height and trunk diameter 1 year after initial treatment, and suppressed shoot extension for the duration of the study. It significantly increased flowering the second year after initial treatment, the first year that both the control and treated trees flowered. Subsequently, no differences in flowering were observed until the fifth year, when flowering was significantly less in treated trees, probably due to reduced shoot and trunk growth and tip dieback. Chemical name used: E-1-(p-chlorophenyl)-4,-4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazole-1-penten-3-ol) (uniconazole).
To study the vegetative flushing pattern of M. integrifolia (cvs. Keaau, Kau and Kakea) trees in Hawaii and determine when these vegetative flushes flower, trees were monitored for an entire year (1988), and shoots from these flushes were monitored for flowering during the 1988-89, 1989-90 and 1990-91 flowering seasons. Flushing occurred year-round but was most frequent during the spring-summer and fall months which coincided with the end of the flowering season and the period of fruit maturation. For all cultivars, sporadic flowering occurred in 1988-89 on shoots that were less than one year-old but was not always associated with the oldest shoots. Flowering in 1989-90 and 1990-91 was observed on a larger proportion of the shoots and occurred on shoots that had emerged throughout 1988. Flowering was most abundant on two year-old shoots (1990-91) and could occur on shoots that had flowered in the previous season (1989-90).
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