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RESUMO A amora-preta (Rubus sp.) é uma fruta cuja exploração comercial está iniciando no Brasil. Seu cultivo iniciou na década de 70 e vem aumentando com a introdução ABSTRACT Blackberry (Rubus sp.) is a fruit whose commercial exploitation is starting in Brazil. Its cultivation began in the 70's and is increasing with the introduction and adaptation of new cultivars. However, little is known about the disparities in the composition and characteristics of the fruit from these new plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of different cultivars ('Tupy', 'Guarani' and 'Cherokee') 84.8 and 90.3%; protein between 0.09 and 0.14%, dietary fiber between 5.5 and 5.8% and ash between 0.27 and 0.49%. Selection 02/96

This study evaluated yellow, purple and orange passion fruit in pulp, peel, and seed for physicochemical characteristics, proximate composition, minerals, antioxidant capacity (DPPH and ABTS), phenolic compounds, carotenoids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. Yellow passion fruit presented higher concentrations of pectin (37.37 g/100 g) in peels; high cryptoxanthin, α-carotene, β-carotene, provitamin A, quercetin, and kaempferol in pulps and higher values of ash and total dietary fiber in seeds. The purple fruit was highlighted by a great value of anthocyanins (103.68 mg/100 g) in peels and seeds and the orange fruit reported higher levels of ash, carotenoids (mainly β-carotene with 21,274 μg/100 g), kaempferol in peels, higher contents of total soluble solids, lycopene (4405 μg/100 g), lutein, zeaxanthin, total carotenoids in pulps and phenolics in general. This research revealed that the pulp of passion fruit and his residues have a significant content of bioactive compounds, differing in type according the species analyzed.

Samples of must derived from six different varieties of grapes taken during the fermentation process, as well as the respective wine samples directly after the end of the malolactic fermentation, were analyzed by direct infusion negative ion mode electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Diagnostic ions for must were different from those of wine samples, although small variations for each of the grape varieties were also detected. The addition of unfermented must or sugar to wine could also be clearly detected. The spectra were acquired in a few minutes per sample, indicating that ESI-MS can be used for high-throughput analysis of samples and should prove useful for quality control during and after the fermentation process.

Efficient detection of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 has been performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry using a UV-absorbing ionic liquid matrix to obtain "matrix-free" mass spectra and addition of NaCl to enhance sensitivity via Na+ cationization. Using ionic alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (Et3N-alpha-CHCA) as the matrix, matrix-free mass spectra in the m/z range of interest are acquired, and the B1, B2, G1, and G2 aflatoxins are readily detected with an LOD as low as 50 fmol. The technique is fast, requires little sample preparation and no derivatization or chromatographic separation, and seems therefore to be suitable for high-throughput aflatoxin screening. It should be easily extended to other micotoxins and provide an attractive technique to control the quality of major crops subjected to huge world commercial trades such as peanuts, corn, and rice as well as to monitor bioterrorism threats by micotoxin poisoning.

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Food industry generates a significant amount of seed wastes from the juice production, frozen pulps and jams. Considering that the characterization of wastes is the first