Aflatoxin Screening by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Catharino, Rodrigo Ramos; Marques, Lygia de Azevedo; Santos, Leonardo S.; Baptista, Antonio Sampaio; Glória, Eduardo Micotti da; Calori‐Domingues, Maria Antonia; Facco, Elizete Maria Pesamosca; Eberlin, Marcos N.

doi:10.1021/ac051111p

Cited by 63 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Tropical and subtropical regions (warm and humid weather), provide optimal conditions for fungal growth (Cavaliere et al 2007, Zöllner and Mayer-Helm 2006, Zinedine et al 2006, Aycicek et al 2005, Ramos-Catharino et al 2005, Shenasi et al 2002, Hussein and Brasel 2001. The incidence of aflatoxins is enhanced by factors such as stress or damage to the plant due to drought before harvest, insect activity, soil type and inadequate storage conditions (Cavaliere et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human exposure to aflatoxins occurs primarily through intake of contaminated food, although there is evidence that inhalation of these toxins can also happen due to occupational or work-related exposure (Delmulle et al 2006, Ramos-Catharino et al 2005. Thus, aflatoxins constitute a serious threat to human health, especially infants and children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aflatoxin levels and exposure assessment of Spanish infant cereals

Hernández-Martínez

Navarro-Blasco

2010

Food Additives and Contaminants: Part B

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Aflatoxins (AFB 1 , AFB 2 , AFG 1 and AFG 2 ) are immunosuppressant, mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic agents with a widespread presence in foodstuffs. Since human exposure to aflatoxins occurs primarily by contaminated food intake, and given the greater susceptibility of infants to their adverse effects, the quantification of these mycotoxins in infant food based on cereals is of relevance. Aflatoxins levels were determined in ninetyone Spanish infant cereals classified in terms of non-and organically produced and several types from ten different manufactures, using a extraction procedure followed by inmunoaffinity column clean-up step and High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection (FLD) and post-column derivatization (Kobra Cell system). Daily aflatoxin intake was also assessed. The preliminary analysis revealed a noticeable detected infant cereal samples for total aflatoxin (81 %), corresponding to a 64 %, 39 %, 65 % and 43 % for According to the type of infant cereal, cereals with cocoa provided the highest aflatoxin levels, gluten-free and cereals with dehydrated fruits were in a intermediate level and milk-or honey-based cereals and multicereals contained the lowest levels. With the exception of non-compliant cocoa based organic formulation, none of the infant cereals analyzed provides a higher intake of 1 ng kg -1 body weight per day, suggesting that infants fed on infant cereals are exposed to low health hazard. Nevertheless, manufactures are called for continued efforts to routinely monitor and more careful selection of raw material to minimize aflatoxin levels in these infant foods.Keywords: aflatoxins; infant cereals; daily intake; food analysis; HPLC * Corresponding author. Email: inavarro@unav.es 1 Aflatoxins content and exposure assessment from Spanish infant cerealsAflatoxins (AFB 1 , AFB 2 , AFG 1 and AFG 2 ) are immunosuppressant, mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic agents with a widespread presence in foodstuffs. Since human exposure to aflatoxins occurs primarily by contaminated food intake, and given the greater susceptibility of infants to their adverse effects, the quantification of these mycotoxins in infant food based on cereals is of relevance. Aflatoxins levels were determined in ninetyone Spanish infant cereals classified in terms of non-and organically produced and several types from ten different manufactures, using a extraction procedure followed by inmunoaffinity column clean-up step and High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection (FLD) and post-column derivatization (Kobra Cell system). Daily aflatoxin intake was also assessed. The preliminary analysis revealed a valuable incidence of detected infant cereal samples at an upper concentration level than the detection limit for total aflatoxin (66 %), corresponding to a 46 %, 40 %, 34 % and 11 % for AFB 1 , AFB 2 , AFG 1 and AFG 2 . Lower aflatoxin values (median, Q1;Q3) in conventional infant cereal (n=74, AFB 1 :

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxin levels and exposure assessment of Spanish infant cereals

Hernández-Martínez

Navarro-Blasco

2010

Food Additives and Contaminants: Part B

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“…The optimized experimental conditions for determining of AFG are given in Table 1 which are the same as those previously obtained [4] for determination of AFB 18 . Among all parameters, temperature is the most important one.…”

Section: Optimization Of the Ims Operation Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Aflatoxins G and GUsing Ion Mobility Spectrometry

Sheibani¹,

Zare-Khormizi²,

Tabrizchi³

2012

Orientjchem.

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This work describes a rapid and sensitive ion mobility spectrometry method for the determination of aflatoxins G 1 and G 2 (AFG 1 and AFG 2 ). The effective instrumental parameters were investigated and optimized. After optimizing, the calibration curves for AFG 1 and AFG 2 were linear in the range of 1 to 300 ng. Relative standard deviation was 8% and limit of detection was 0.5 ng. The capability of the proposed method was evaluated for the determination of AFG in spiked pistachio nut as a real sample that satisfactory results were obtained.Key words: Aflatoxin G (AFG), Aflatoxin B (AFB), Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), Pistachio nut.Some reports indicate natural contamination with AFB and AFG mainly in countries with warm and humid climate [6][7][8] .

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“…Besides proteins and peptides, ILs were also used as matrices for the MALDI-MS analysis of other molecules, such as amino acids, oligonucleotides [110,111], carbonaceous compounds [112], dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate oligosaccharides [113], uncomplexed highly sulfated oligosaccharides [114,115], aflatoxins [116], chlorosulfolipids [117], and phospholipids [118,119]. Generally speaking, these ILs have different advantages over a traditional matrix.…”

Section: For Maldi-ms Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic liquids in sample preparation

et al. 2008

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Due to their unique properties, their good extractabilities for various target analytes, and the fact that many compounds are highly soluble in them, room-temperature ionic liquids (ILs) are used as promising alternatives to the traditional organic solvents employed in sample preparation. ILs have been used as extraction solvents for a wide range of analytes, from environmental contaminates to biomacromolecules and nanomaterials, and as dissolution solvents for various detection techniques. In this paper, the main applications of ILs in sample preparation are reviewed, and the problems and challenges in this area are described.

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Aflatoxin Screening by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 63 publications

References 15 publications

Aflatoxin levels and exposure assessment of Spanish infant cereals

Aflatoxin levels and exposure assessment of Spanish infant cereals

Determination of Aflatoxins G and GUsing Ion Mobility Spectrometry

Ionic liquids in sample preparation

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