Th is article uses Kaufman ' s theory of competing bureaucratic values as a foundation for studying bureaucratic values in a developing society. It discusses civil service reform within a socio-bureaucratic-political exchange, as well as characteristics associated with bureaucratic values and ethnic federalism. Th e inherent confl icts between a civil service grounded in the values of bureaucratic neutrality, representativeness, or executive leadership and practices within a government structured on the basis of ethnicity are explored. Factors related to Ethiopia ' s postconfl ict status, which further complicate the governance environment, are identifi ed, and building blocks for postconfl ict governance are suggested.
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