Kusumaningrum EN, Supriatna J, Abinawanto, Bowolaksono A. 2018. Short Communication: Ethnozoology – The perception of Tobelo Dalam tribal community in Saolat Village, East Halmahera, Indonesia towards cuscus (Phalangeridae). Biodiversitas 19: 2140-2146. The complexity of the hard lives of Tobelo Dalam tribal community who live in Saolat village, district South Wasile provokes the high activity of animal poaching in Aketajawe-Lolobata National Park (TNAL) including cuscus hunting for both sale and consumption purposes. The study aimed to describe the traditional knowledge of Tobelo Dalam people in Saolat village in applying the systems of utilization and local conservation knowledge towards cuscus. This study was analyzed by the qualitative method with explorative survey technique, interview, and completing questionnaires. This study used 4 key informants (3 males, 1 female) and 50 adult respondents (25 males and 25 females). The results showed that the average percentage of traditional knowledge owned by males and females were 69.1% and 30.9 %, respectively, so the males had an advantage of knowledge around 38.3 % than females in addressing the traditional knowledge of cuscus. The community of Tobelo Dalam tribe hunts cuscus for four different purposes, i.e., for traditional ceremonies, traditional medicine, cuisine, and sell it for more income to support the economy of family.
Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi gen tst isolat Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) susu sapi perah dan susu kambing melalui amplifikasi gen 23S rRNA sebagai langkah awal pencegahan beberapa kasus keracunan susu. Metode penelitian meliputi reidentifikasi bakteri, preparasi deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), amplifikasi gen 23S rRNA, amplifikasi gen tst, dan pengurutan DNA. Hasil reidentifikasi bakteri melalui pewarnaan Gram, uji katalase, uji koagulase, uji fermentasi MSA, uji VJA, dan uji VP adalah positif bakteri S. aureus. Hasil amplifikasi gen tst terhadap 3 isolat S. aureus menunjukkan hanya 2 isolat memberikan hasil positif. Hasil positif tersebut ditandai dengan munculnya fragmen DNA yang memiliki panjang spesifik (350 bp) sesuai dengan produk polymerase chain reaction (PCR) dari referensi dan database GeneBank. Disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan metode PCR dapat terdeteksi adanya gen tst pada isolat S. aureus asal susu sapi perah dan susu kambing dari Bogor.
Lake of Open University (UT) is designed not only as a container, watershed, irrigation, sports, and recreation, but also as critical habitat for the survival of plants and aquatic animals ranging from algae groups to types of vertebrate. Information relating to the data microalgae and environmental conditions of lake UT physical and chemical have not been investigated. Research objectives were to measure the wealth of microalgae that live in Lake UT, the microalgae diversity, and the physical and chemical environment. The method used to identify each kind of microalgae, is by counting the number of individuals microalgae, and analyze the water quality. Measurement results showed that the brightness of the physical environment of the lake water had turbid category (52-60 cm). The temperature of the lake water showed 31 to 31.5 oC, this temperature range is good for the growth of microalgae. Value of the degree of acidity of water was 7.3 to 7.5. DO measurements generating valued from 0.5 to 0.57 mg/L. The wealth of microalgae that live in lake UT was identificated as many as 21 genera at four stations with a total population of 4.080 individual/mm3. The highest percentage individual was Scenedesmus sp. Species richness index was 3,33 (medium category). Highest individual density was found in th middle of the lake by 4.651 individualLitre, followed by a passage from edge of the lake to the edged of gazibu (2.318 individual/Litre), the edge of lake (2.025 individual/Litre), and the last outlet (1.193 individual/Litre) lake. Biodiversity index is quite low at 2.107. Desain pembuatan danau UT di samping sebagai tempat resapan air, wahana rekreasi, sarana olahraga, juga merupakan habitat penting bagi tumbuhan dan hewan air (golongan alga sampai jenis vertebrata). Informasi mengenai data mikroalga serta kondisi fisik dan kimiawi lingkungan danau UT belum diketahui sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengukur kekayaan mikroalga, keanekaragaman mikroalga, dan kondisi lingkungan fisik dan kimiawi. Metode yang digunakan adalah mengidentifikasi setiap jenis dan menghitung jumlah individu mikroalga, serta menganalisis kualitas air. Hasil pengukuran kecerahan air danau dikatakan relatif keruh (52-60 cm). Pengukuran suhu air menunjukkan besaran angka 31-31,5oC, kisaran suhu tersebut baik bagi pertumbuhan mikroalga. Nilai derajat keasaman air adalah 7,3-7,5, sedangkan hasil pengukuran DO sebesar 0,5-0,57 mg/L. Kekayaan mikroalga yang teridentifikasi di danau UT sebanyak 21 genus ditemukan di empat stasiun dengan total populasi 4.080 individu/mm3. Persentase jumlah individu terbanyak adalah Scenedesmus sp. Indeks kekayaan jenis termasuk kategori sedang (3,33). Kepadatan individu tertinggi ditemukan di stasiun-2 (bagian tengah) sebesar 4.651 individu/Liter, selanjutnya diikuti oleh stasiun-3 dari tepi danau sampai tepi gasebo (2. 318 individu/Liter), stasiun-1 di bagian tepi danau (2.025 individu/Liter), dan stasiun-4 di bagian keluaran air (1.193 individu/Liter). Indeks biodiversitas jenis cukup rendah yaitu 2,107.
Produksi sampah rumah tangga terus mengalami peningkatan jumlah setiap tahunnya, dan sampah organik menempati proporsi terbesar dari total produksi sampah. Salah satu cara efektif dalam mengatasi permasalahan sampah rumah tangga yakni melalui pembuatan eco-enzyme. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mealukan pemberdayaan masyarakat di wilayah Pamulang, Tangerang Selatan Banten melalui praktik pelatihan pembuatan eco-enzyme. Metode pelaksanaan meliputi pembentukan struktur organisasi kelompok penggerak, pemberian penyuluhan tentang eco-enzyme, pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan eco-enzyme, monitoring pembuatan eco-enzyme, dan pendampingan panen eco-enzyme. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat memperoleh pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang pemanfaatan sisa-sisa bahan sayuran dan buah-buahan yang sudah tidak dikonsumsi di lingkungan rumah tangganya untuk dijadikan eco-enzyme. Cairan ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pembersih serba guna, pupuk, perbaikan kualitas udara, dan pemanfaatan lainnya di kehidupan sehari-hari.
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