The deposition of positively charged latex particles with radii between 20 and 100 nm on a negatively
charged mica surface is investigated with atomic force microscopy at low ionic strengths. The polystyrene
latex spheres with amidine headgroups are characterized as to their size distribution, electrophoretic
mobility, and aggregation behavior. Surface coverage measurements take into account the polydispersity
of the particles on the surface. Deposition kinetics from a quiescent solution are, for low coverage, in good
agreement with diffusion-limited adsorption. At long times, the surface coverage tends toward a maximum
surface coverage θmax independent of the particle concentration but depending on ionic strength. This
work extends the available data for θmax for small particle size and very low ionic strengths. The values
for θmax decrease with decreasing ionic strength; this trend is described with a simple model based on
random sequential adsorption and the effect of overlapping double layers. Particle size polydispersity can
modify the results for θmax substantially; its influence is investigated in detail.
We investigate isothermal diffusion and growth of micron-scale liquid domains within membranes of free-floating giant unilamellar vesicles with diameters between 80 and 250 μm. Domains appear after a rapid temperature quench, when the membrane is cooled through a miscibility phase transition such that coexisting liquid phases form. In membranes quenched far from a miscibility critical point, circular domains nucleate and then progress within seconds to late stage coarsening in which domains grow via two mechanisms 1), collision and coalescence of liquid domains, and 2), Ostwald ripening. Both mechanisms are expected to yield the same growth exponent, α = 1/3, where domain radius grows as time(α). We measure α = 0.28 ± 0.05, in excellent agreement. In membranes close to a miscibility critical point, the two liquid phases in the membrane are bicontinuous. A quench near the critical composition results in rapid changes in morphology of elongated domains. In this case, we measure α = 0.50 ± 0.16, consistent with theory and simulation.
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