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Abstract.The eastern species of Heuchera fall into two natural groups on the basis of pheno logical, morphological, and breeding data.
The flavonoid constituents of Heuchera villosa var. villosa, H. parviflora var. parviflora, and H. glabra have been studied. The predominant flavonoids present in all three species were mono-, di-, and triglycosides of kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin. Isorhamnetin, larycitrin, syringetin, and luteolin were also seen in some species. Dihydromyricetin was isolated from H. villosa. The data were compared with results obtained earlier from H. micrantha var. diversifolia and H. cylindrica. The hypothesis that evolutionary advancement and ecological specialization in the genus are accompanied by a simplification in the glycoside pattern was proposed.
Haitian Vodou priests (houngans) and priestesses (mambos) use plant remedies to treat many illnesses, including intestinal parasite infections. The present study screened 12 plants used in Vodou treatments for intestinal parasites to detect in vitro activity against infective-stage larvae of the hookworm Ancylostoma caninum. Water-soluble extracts of 4 of the 12 plants inhibited serum-stimulated feeding by larval A. caninum in a dose-dependent manner. All 4 plant extracts inhibited feeding induced by the muscarinic agonist arecoline, suggesting that these plant extracts may inhibit the insulin-like signaling pathway involved in the recovery and resumption of development of arrested A. caninum larvae. These results indicate that at least some of the plants used in traditional Haitian medicine as vermifuges show activity against nematode physiological processes.
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