Plant Vermicides of Haitian Vodou Show In Vitro Activity Against Larval Hookworm

Wolpert, Beverly J.; Beauvoir, Max G.; Wells, Elizabeth Fortson; Hawdon, John M.

doi:10.1645/ge-1446.1

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…[17][18][19][20] Ovicidal activity is more frequently and most readily assayed in resource-limited field settings, where larval and adult hookworm-based assays are impractical tools for assessing anthelmintic activity. [21][22][23] In this study, we investigated the anthelmintic activity of a panel of compounds against laboratory and field isolates of hookworm using a standard egg hatch assay (EHA).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Screening of Compounds against Laboratory and Field Isolates of Human Hookworm Reveals Quantitative Differences in Anthelmintic Susceptibility

Treger

Otchere

Keil

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. A panel of 80 compounds was screened for anthelmintic activity against a laboratory strain of Ancylostoma ceylanicum and field isolates of hookworm obtained from school children in the Kintampo North District of the Brong Ahafo Region of Ghana. Although the laboratory strain of A. ceylanicum was more susceptible to the compounds tested than the field isolates of hookworm, a twofold increase in compound concentration resulted in comparable egg hatch percent inhibition for select compounds. These data provide evidence that the efficacy of anthelmintic compounds may be species-dependent and that field and laboratory strains of hookworm differ in their sensitivities to the anthelmintics tested. These data also suggest that both compound concentration and hookworm species must be considered when screening to identify novel anthelmintic compounds.Human hookworm disease results from infection by two genera of hookworms, Ancylostoma spp. and Necator americanus. Albendazole (ABZ) and mebendazole (MBZ) are the primary drugs used to treat hookworm infection. A recent meta-analysis and review of field-based studies have shown that single-dose treatment cure rates with ABZ and MBZ are low (72% and 15%, respectively).1,2 Compounding these treatment failure rates in humans is the well-documented emergence of drug resistance to ABZ and MBZ among parasitic nematodes of agricultural and veterinary importance. [3][4][5] In light of this information, the development of novel anthelmintic chemotherapeutics is necessary.Currently, the identification and development of novel anthelmintic compounds to cure hookworm infection rely on laboratory-based screening for inhibitors of egg hatching, larval motility and morphology, and/or adult worm survival.6-9 However, novel compounds identified using small animal models of hookworm infection are rarely screened for comparable activity against field isolates of human hookworms. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Therefore, the correlation between the anthelmintic activity of compounds against laboratory and field isolates of human hookworms remains largely unknown.Moreover, for those cases in which anthelmintic activity is investigated, the larvicidal, rather than ovicidal, properties of a compound are usually analyzed. [17][18][19][20] Ovicidal activity is more frequently and most readily assayed in resource-limited field settings, where larval and adult hookworm-based assays are impractical tools for assessing anthelmintic activity. [21][22][23]

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Screening of Compounds against Laboratory and Field Isolates of Human Hookworm Reveals Quantitative Differences in Anthelmintic Susceptibility

Treger

Otchere

Keil

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Momordica charantia can inhibit larval feeding activity at 1.5–2 mg/mL and is the only plant among the four plants where exposure causes irreversible inhibition of feeding activity in larvae, so it does not require continuous exposure. These results make Momordica charantia the most potent plant in the research of Wolpert et al [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thymus vulgaris , Parthenium hysterophorus , Passiflora laurifolia , and Momordica charantia are plants recommended by Vodou , the priest in Haiti, to treat infections by worms A. caninum . Wolpert et al [ 11 ] investigated the anthelmintic activity of these plants in vitro to observe the inhibition of larval feeding activity and to assess whether the inhibition was permanent. All aqueous extracts of these plants could inhibit larval feeding activity at various low concentrations, with 1.5 mg/mL being the lowest concentration and 3.5 mg/mL being the highest concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthelmintic Potential of Medicinal Plants against Ancylostoma caninum

Ekawardhani

Anggoro

Krissanti

2021

Veterinary Medicine International

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Ancylostoma caninum is one of the most important hookworms in dogs. A study revealed that the prevalence of ancylostomiasis in Indonesia is relatively high. However, cases of persistent ancylostomiasis in dogs were reported, indicating the possibility of anthelmintic resistance. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the anthelmintic potential of plants preclinically against A. caninum based on related research articles. This review retrieved 14 articles from 2001 to 2021 investigating 19 different plants. Momordica charantia, Diospyros anisandra, and Citrus aurantiifolia hold a promising prospect as anthelmintic against A. caninum. This review found aspects of those medicinal plants that need to be investigated deeper to improve our understanding of the matter. In vitro results in this review have not yet been tested in in vivo trials, which are essential in determining the efficacy and safety of the use of these medicinal plants and also to justify its clinical application.

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“…25,26 For example, herbal medicines frequently consumed in Haiti can be acknowledged and encouraged once research teams approve. [57][58][59] Also, traditional birth attendants can be trained in basic knowledge and skills. 27 Efforts to build trust with the community will enhance their engagement in health service, and thus will augment population coverage and improve overall service quality.…”

Section: Decentralized Management Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moving Towards Universal Health Coverage in Haiti

Hashimoto

Adrien²,

Rajkumar

2020

Health Systems & Reform

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Haiti announced in 2018 its aim to achieve universal health coverage. In this paper, we discuss what this objective means for the country and what next steps should be taken. To contextualize the notion, we framed Haiti en route to the 2030 goal and analyzed qualitatively the status quo in terms of geographic, financial, and service access. For each dimension, we focused on the context, the government's policies and political agendas, their implementation progress, and key influential factors. Our analysis found little progress and numerous challenges. Geographic access was limited due principally to the insufficient number of facilities, difficulties in reaching health facilities, and local customs. Financial coverage was low because of the government's insufficient budgets, inefficient budget allocation, and ineffective management. Service access also had room for significant improvement for a lack of basic infrastructure and resources, gaps between the essential service package guidelines, health professionals' skills, and the needs, as well as deficiencies in people-centered care. These factors affected not only health service coverage but also its quality. We found that the root causes of these issues were composed of unstable financing mechanisms, opportunistic resource allocation, and ineffective management control systems. We suggest that to overcome these issues and achieve universal health coverage with decent service quality, Haiti's health system needs to be reformed by implementing strategic financing, decentralized management systems, and community engagement in primary health care.

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Plant Vermicides of Haitian Vodou Show In Vitro Activity Against Larval Hookworm

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

In vitro Screening of Compounds against Laboratory and Field Isolates of Human Hookworm Reveals Quantitative Differences in Anthelmintic Susceptibility

In vitro Screening of Compounds against Laboratory and Field Isolates of Human Hookworm Reveals Quantitative Differences in Anthelmintic Susceptibility

Anthelmintic Potential of Medicinal Plants against Ancylostoma caninum

Moving Towards Universal Health Coverage in Haiti

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