No abstract

In a verbal guise experiment, 178 listeners with three nationalities (58 French, 59 German and 61 Spanish) listened to samples recorded by female speakers with three degrees of accentedness (strong/slight accented-Dutch and native) in English, French, German and Spanish. Findings indicate that a strong accent had a detrimental effect on understanding and attitudinal evaluations, while a slight accent hardly led to negative effects. A speaker with a strong Dutch accent in English was evaluated as less competent than speakers with a slight or native accent. Speakers with a strong Dutch accent in French, German or Spanish were evaluated as less friendly and less competent than speakers with a native accent.Keywords: foreign accent, ELF, attitudes, accent strength, comprehensibility En un experimento que midió el efecto de la acentuación utilizando la técnica de verbal guise, 178 participantes de tres nacionalidades (58 franceses, 59 alemanes y 61 españoles) escucharon unas muestras grabadas de hablantes femeninos con tres grados de acentuación (con acento holandés muy marcado, ligeramente marcado, y con un acento nativo) en inglés, francés, alemán y español. Los resultados indicaron que un acento muy marcado tenía un efecto negativo en la comprensión y evaluación de actitudes, mientras que un acento ligeramente marcado casi no tuvo efectos negativos. Un hablante con un acento holandés muy marcado en inglés fue evaluado como menos competente que los hablantes nativos o los hablantes con un acento ligeramente marcado. Los hablantes que hablaban con un acento holandés muy marcado tanto en francés, alemán como español fueron considerados como menos amables y menos competentes que los hablantes con un acento nativo.

The introduction of international financial reporting regulations has caused European multinationals to be increasingly reliant on the nonfinancial multimodal sections of the annual report as a means of informing and persuading international stakeholders. Due to the growing status of English as an international financial communication language, moreover, these annual report sections are usually produced in English. This experimental study compares the effectiveness of texts and photos in Dutch-English and British-English management statements from the perspective of financial analysts in the UK. The research results largely confirm the similarity-attraction hypothesis: Among UK-based analysts, typically British communication features often yield a more positive effect than the features that are typical of the Dutch-based statements.

Corporate documents increasingly rely on visual rhetoric to complement text. Although previous studies have indicated that companies’ local culture may be reflected in the images they employ, scholars have never systematically investigated the use of visual rhetoric as it is used across different business cultures. This study analyzes visual rhetoric using a new model of visual metadiscourse—a set of devices that designers use to convey meaning in order to influence the audience’s interpretation of the text. The study compares the visual metadiscourse in photos used in English management statements in the annual reports of Dutch and U.K. companies. The results show that metadiscourse is inherent not only in the written text of a corporate document but also in the visuals that a design team chooses to include. The results also indicate that despite some similarities, Dutch-based and U.K.-based statements contain differences in their use of visual metadiscourse. Several of these differences can be attributed to cultural differences between the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The study underlines the applicability of the new model and warns international text designers not to overlook cultural differences in visual metadiscourse.