Management Right on Land (HPL) is right outside in Act No. 5 of 1960 on Basic Regulation onAgrarian Principles (Undang-undang Pokok Agraria/UUPA) that grow and develop in accordance with the demands of the development. Rights that has existed since the colonial era already formulated in a special regulation, so that the holders of HPL with are third parties who utilize HPL within the law and morals. Development held in Indonesia still requires the existence of HPL, due to limited government funds and the empowerment of government agencies central government and local government. HPL may become a test of the right control of the country. Are the economically weak have a place in existence in order to compensate parties who HPL always "land eklpoitation " the investors.
AbstrakHak Pengelolaan Atas Tanah (HPL) adalah hak di luar UUPA yang tumbuh dan berkembang sesuai dengan tuntutan pembangunan. Hak yang telah ada sejak zaman penjajahan perlu dirumuskan dalam suatu peraturan perundang-undangan, sehingga antara pemegang HPL dengan pihak ketiga yang memanfaatkan HPL berada dalam koridor Kepastian hukum, keadilan dan kemanfaatan. Pembangunan yang berlangsung di Indonesia masih membutuhkan eksistensi HPL, akibat keterbatasan dana pemerintah, dan dalam rangka pemberdayaan Instansi Pemerintah (pusat) maupun Pemerintah Daerah. HPL dapat menjadi alat uji terhadap hak menguasai dari negara. Apakah golongan ekonomi lemah telah mendapat tempat dalam eksistensi HPL guna mengimbangi pihak yang senantiasa "mengeklpoitasi tanah" yaitu pihak pemodal.
Innovation is needed by micro, small, and medium enterprises (SMEs) to grow and survive in an increasingly competitive business competition. However, innovation must be adapted to the existing constraints considering the limited number of employees, total assets, total revenue, and the amount of the budget for innovation. Forms of innovation that can be carried out by a business in an effort to increase its competitiveness include business model innovation, marketing, organization, processes and technology, products, services, and supply chains. Human resources is an important factor in improving the performance and innovation of micro, small, and medium enterprises. This study aimed to design an innovation strategy in accordance with the constraints, human resource capabilities and innovation opportunities in an effort to increase competitiveness. The analysis was done by using the structural equation modelling method with partial least square approach. It was proven that human resources play an important role because they greatly affect the success of both overcoming obstacles and the implementation of innovation.
The reseacrh was conducted in West Sumatera. There was a phenomenon in the research area that poultry farmers had difficulty to got maize for feed of egg poultry. The purposed of the reseacrh were to: (1) identify marketing channel of maize, (2) measure and analyze the marketing margin of each distribution channel. Method of the research was qualitative and quantitative description to analyze marketing margin in of each distribution channel. The result of research revealed that : (1) In the West Pasaman 100% maize farmers sold the maize to retailer, 62,5 % of retailers sold the maize to feed industry, 33,3% retailers sold to egg poultry farmers in 50 Kota, and 4,2% retailers sold to local consumers in West Pasaman, meaning that feed industry got the biggest share of maize marketing in West Sumatra, (2) Marketing margin of the first marketing channel was Rp.693.75/kg (26,17%) and farmers' share was 73,82%, in the second channel Rp.953.33/kg (32,78%) and farmers' share was 67,13%, and in third channel was Rp.500/kg (20,41%) where the biggest farmers' share (79,59%), although their were very small. So, the most efficient marketing margin was the first marketing channel.
This study is based on a low learning student’s social science outcomes. The purpose of this study is to improve the learning outcomes of IPS with the implementation of cooperative learning model type talking stick, each cycle of two meetings and a one-time test. This study was conducted on 23 subjects of primary school students’ in SDIT Insan Utama Pekanbaru. The result of this research obtained average student’s learning outcomes 76,73 with enough categories and on the second cycle student’s learning outcomes increase to 82,17 categorized well. This suggests that the cooperative model type talking stick can improve the learning outcomes of IPS on the Primary School Students.
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