En el trascurso de su enfermedad: 1. ¿Ha tenido usted pérdida del olfato o sabor de la comida? Sí ____ / No ____ 2. Por favor, cruce la línea horizontal con una línea vertical en el punto que considere apropiado, donde 0 es SIN PÉRDIDA de olfato/sabor y 10 es PÉRDIDA TOTAL del olfato de la comida o la bebida. 0 10 3. ¿Tiene usted pérdida del gusto (dulce, salado, ácido, amargo)? Sí ____ / No ____ 4. Por favor, cruce la línea horizontal con una línea vertical en el punto que considere apropiado, donde 0 es SIN PÉRDIDA del gusto y 10 es PÉRDIDA TOTAL del gusto. El GUSTO se refiere sólo a la percepción salada, dulce, ácida o amarga.

Objective COVID-19 patients may present mild symptoms. The identification of paucisymptomatic patients is paramount in order to interrupt the transmission chain of the virus. Olfactory loss could be one of those early symptoms which might help in the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients. In this study, we aim to develop and validate a fast, inexpensive, reliable and easy-to-perform olfactory test for the screening of suspected COVID-19 patients. Study design Phase I was a case-control study and Phase II a transversal descriptive study. Subjects and methods Olfaction was assessed with the ethyl alcohol threshold test and symptoms with visual analogue scales. The study was designed in two phases: In Phase I, we compared confirmed COVID-19 patients and healthy controls. In Phase II, patients with suspected COVID-19 infection referred for testing were studied. Results 275 participants were included in Phase I, 135 in Phase II. The ROC curve showed an AUC of 0.749 in Phase I, 0.737 in Phase II. The cutoff value which offered the highest amount of correctly classified patients was ≥ 2 (10% alcohol) for all age intervals. The odds ratio was 8.19 in Phase I, 6.56 in Phase II with a 75% sensitivity. When cases report normal sense of smell (VAS < 4), it misdiagnoses 57.89% of patients detected by the alcohol threshold test. Conclusion The olfactory loss assessed with the alcohol threshold test has shown high sensitivity and odds ratio in both patients with confirmed COVID-19 illness and participants with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Objective: To measure and analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients and healthy controls with enhanced eye velocity responses as well as evaluate their relationship with endolymphatic hydrops related diseases. Study Design: Cross-sectional clinical study. Setting: Tertiary hospital. Participants: Three hundred sixty three participants allocated to patients (310) and healthy control (53) groups were collected on first time visit to neurotology unit. Intervention: Diagnostic. Main Outcome Measures: Video head impulse test records, clinical diagnose, and variables and demographic data were used to get cross tables, a general linear model, diagnostic epidemiological parameters, and machine learning variable importance evaluation methods. Results: All the statistical tests revealed a significant association between enhanced vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and diagnostic categories ( p < 0.001). Chi-squared residual and machine learning analyses showed Menie `re's disease as the main associated diagnostic category, whereas the lowest residuals and gain values were found in the control group. Enhanced VOR as a diagnostic sign of Menie `re's disease had a sensitivity of 42.59% and a specificity of 86.32%, with an odds ratio of 4.68 ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: There is a significantly higher prevalence of enhanced VOR responses in patients with Menie `re's disease, central origin vertigo, otosclerosis, and vestibular migraine than in those with other neurotologic diseases and controls. Our study found that enhanced VOR are not pathognomonic of hydrops-related diseases and the diagnosis should not solely be based on these and instead take into context other clinical and examination findings.