The global economic crisis of 2020, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, affected all areas of the economies of different countries and led to complete transformation of economic systems, including the soaring digitalization, and demonstrated an extreme need for revising many existing approaches to defining economic categories. Given the rapid development of the digital economy, the issue of defining the concept of competitiveness under such conditions is seen particularly topical. The paper aims to conduct a detailed analysis of the approaches of various researchers to the definition of competition and competitiveness both in Russian and international practice, to identify their strengths and weaknesses, to develop necessary criteria for this category and to present a definition of competitiveness relevant in the digital economy era. Within the framework of this paper, an effort was made to collect the existing notions of digital economy and digitalization, competition and competitiveness, to systematize them and analyse them in their entirety. The study resulted in a conclusion that there is no generally accepted definition of competitiveness that would correspond to the current digital realities of the 21st century among both Russian and foreign scientists, who define competitiveness on the basis of the specificity of their countries’ economic development. Findings were also made regarding the existing interpretations of this concept, the main aspects, which are typical to the digital age, were highlighted and a definition of competitiveness, reflecting the main properties in the digital economy, was given.
The article considers the main aspects of economic security of the region in the conditions of digital transformation of the economy. The main attention is paid to the problem of investment activity as one of the economic security risk factors. The problem is disclosed on the example of a specific region, namely, Astrakhan Oblast. The authors analyze investment activity in the region, the main investment projects implemented on its territory, and assess the investment climate. The threats and risks to economic security existing in the region are also identified and some ways to minimize them are outlined.
The tertiary sector of economics in the current economic environment ranks first in the national economic systems by the number of the employed population. At the same time the rapidly changing market environment requires new tools for efficient management of business processes. In this regard, the logistics tools enabling optimization of material, transport, financial flows is a factor increasing activity of economic entities. Studying the possibility of applying logistics principles to the flows organization in tourism has led to the conclusion about expediency of application of logistics tools in activity of service rendering enterprises, subject to specific features of services as commodity items. Studying the possibility of applying logistics principles to the flows organization in tourism has led to the conclusion about expediency of application of logistics tools in activity of service rendering enterprises, subject to specific features of services as commodity items, and helped to determine tourism logistics as a type of business which involves planning, managing and controlling the flows (material, service, financial, information, etc.) in the process of formation of the tour, bringing the tourism product to the consumer, as well as storage, transmission and processing of relevant information.
В условиях высокой конкуренции на мировых рынках российские нефтегазовые компании всё большее внимание уделяют построению эффективной системы управления, которая позво-лит сконцентрировать усилия персонала компании на повышении рентабельности производства и максимизации рыночной стоимости, одним из инструментов достижения которых является эффективная организация бизнес-процессов. Изучение деятельности ПАО «ЛУКОЙЛ» по управлению бизнес-сегментами позволило сформулировать вывод о целесообразности использования системы сбалансированных показателей для оценки результативности управ-ленческих бизнес-процессов. Построение и внедрение системы ключевых показателей эффек-тивности осуществляется с учётом особенностей стратегических направлений развития компании и бизнес-сегментов, что позволило выделить для ПАО «ЛУКОЙЛ» две подсистемы её разработки: ключевые показатели эффективности для оценки деятельности компании в целом и ключевые показатели для оценки бизнес-процессов. На основе процессного подхода сформированы и конкретизированы ключевые показатели эффективности бизнес-процесса «Управление строительством скважин», отражающие отраслевую специфику операционной и финансовой деятельности предприятий нефтегазовой промышленности.Ключевые слова: ключевые показатели эффективности, бизнес-процессы, система сбалансированных показателей, эффективность.
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