Do you need clean water in your city? At last time, the quality of urban water bodies does not correspond to normative requirements. The government could not control state of all urban water bodies. Mainly, this is related with financial costs. In the study, the method of geoenvironmental assessment of water bodies is proposed. It is differ from others by including four stages (study of anthropogenic factors, morphometric study, hydrochemical and hydrobiological analysis). And most importantly, hydrochemical analysis including few main parameters, which were divided by priority. Meanwhile, each of this parameter can be easily analyzed on-site and do not need expensive laboratory equipment. The proposed method of geoenvironmental assessment considered by the example of pond Teploe (Ufa city, Russia).
The aim of this article is to present an approach enabling to define the flame spread velocity at spill fire on the river, taking into account the wind speed. Due to constant oil supply from the pipeline during the leakage, an oil slick will increase until its borders reach river banks. Formulas for determining the main parameters of oil spill on the river in case of an accident at underwater oil pipeline were suggested. The formulas include the initial data determined in the field, for instance, flow and wind speed, as well as water temperature. An example of the change of oil slick parameters on the river was demonstrated. The spread rate of spilled oil and the flame spread speed were calculated. It was shown that on narrow rivers, an oil slick takes the form of a river bed within a few minutes and moves in the direction of the flow. Determination of oil spill parameters given in the study is sufficient for accident response implementation: - spread rate of spilled oil allows for distance calculation in order to install oil booms; - flame spread speed in conjunction with the oil slick size will make it possible to calculate the fire extinguishing means. The obtained results, undoubtedly, require testing in experimental conditions, which is the purpose of further research.
Using statistical data, the dynamics of forest fires in the Volga federal district of the Russian Federation from 2000 to 2020 years is analyzed. The number and area of forest fires were considered as the initial data. At the same time, the total area of forest fire and of burned forests were taken into account separately. It was found that during the period under review, the minimum number of fires was recorded in 2000, and the maximum in 2018. Out of 14 subjects included in the Volga federal district, forest fires in the Republic of Bashkortostan were studied in detail. The dependence of the number of fires by season is established. Using correlation analysis of the statistical data for 2000-2020, the fact of strong dependence between the number of fires in the Volga federal district and forest area covered by fire was established.
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