No abstract

Background:The number of child abuse cases is increasing worldwide; therefore, it is important to educate individuals having contact with children about it. This includes dentists who play a pivotal role in detecting and reporting child abuse. Aim: To identify and compare the final-year dental student's knowledge, attitudes, and practice in relation to child abuse. Design: A 38-item and four-part online questionnaire was distributed to students of 11 dental schools in 10 countries. SPSS and GraphPad Prism were used for data analysis. The levels of statistical significance were determined using a chi-square test. P ≤ .05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 660 students completed the survey. Fifty-six percent of the students received formal training on child abuse, and 86% wanted additional training.The knowledge of child abuse was significantly higher in Australia, the United States, and Jordan compared with other countries. Internet (60.3%) was commonly used as an information source for child abuse. Conclusions:The study showed that dental students lack knowledge and experience in recognizing and reporting child abuse. Most respondents indicated a desire for additional training; therefore, dental schools should review what they are currently teaching and make changes as appropriate.

We report a case of sponastrime dysplasia (SEMDSP), which was diagnosed by characteristic clinical and radiographic findings.The proband was the first child of consanguineous parents (first cousins once removed). A brother was 3 years old and healthy. The mother previously had a 3-month spontaneous abortion. After an uneventful pregnancy, the proband was born at term by vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery. His birth weight was 2800 g. He remained in neonatal ICU for 15 days due to respiratory distress and had physiological jaundice. He was breastfed for about 23 months and then fed by a formula.

Objectives: New biomaterials had some advantages such as mixing and easier application as compared to traditional MTA in single-step apexification method. This study aimed to compare the three biomaterials used in the apexification treatment of immature molar teeth in terms of the time spent, the quality of the canal filling and the number of x-rays taken to complete the process.Methods: The root canals of the extracted thirty molar teeth were shaped with rotary tools. To obtain the apexification model, ProTaper F3 was used retrograde. The teeth were randomly assigned into three groups based on the material used to seal the apex; Group 1:Pro Root MTA, Group 2:MTA Flow, Group 3: Biodentine. The amounts of the filling, the number of radiographs taken until treatment completion and the treatment duration were recorded. Then teeth were fixed for micro computed tomography imaging for quality evaluation of canal filling.Results: Biodentine was superior than the other filling materials according to time. MTA Flow provided greater filling volume than the other filling materials in the rank comparison for the mesiobuccal canals. MTA Flow had greater filling volume than ProRoot MTA in the palatinal/distal canals(p=0.039). Biodentine had greater filling volume more than MTA Flow in the mesiolingual/distobuccal canals(p =0.049).Conclusions: MTA Flow was found as a suitable biomaterial according to the treatment time and quality of root canal fillings.

The management of deep caries lesions in immature permanent molars can be challenging in clinical practice, but minimally invasive caries removal methods can maintain apexogenesis by preventing extensive tissue loss. Here we compare a chemo-mechanical caries removal (CMCR) gel and polymer bur in terms of time spent on caries removal, patient acceptability, and clinical success. Materials and Methods:The teeth of 30 children were randomly divided into two groups. The duration of each method, the level of cooperation during each method, and the child's choice of caries removal method were recorded. Patients were followed at six-month intervals for at least two years. Results:The difference between the patients' preferences was not statistically significant, while the average caries removal time of the polymer bur method was significantly shorter (p<0.05) than the CMCR method. The rates of apical closure without pathology in the CMCR and polymer bur groups were 63.2% and 73.7%, respectively; 10% of each group underwent further treatment due to their clinical and/or radiographic pathology.Conclusions: These methods were thought to serve as an interim treatment in managing immature permanent teeth with deep caries. Furthermore, these methods, which do not involve water cooling, can minimize the risk of contamination and cross-infection.

Objectives New biomaterials had some advantages such as mixing and easier application as compared to traditional MTA in single step apexification method. This study aimed to compare the three biomaterials used in the apexification treatment of immature molar teeth in terms of the time spent, the quality of the canal filling and the number of x-rays taken to complete the process. Methods The root canals of the extracted thirty molar teeth were shaped with rotary tools. To obtain the apexification model, ProTaper F3 was used retrograde. The teeth were randomly assigned into three groups based on the material used to seal the apex; Group 1: Pro Root MTA, Group 2: MTA Flow, Group 3: Biodentine. The amounts of the filling, the number of radiographs taken until treatment completion and the treatment duration were recorded. Then teeth were fixed for micro computed tomography imaging for quality evaluation of canal filling. Results Biodentine was superior to the other filling materials according to time. MTA Flow provided greater filling volume than the other filling materials in the rank comparison for the mesiobuccal canals. MTA Flow had greater filling volume than ProRoot MTA in the palatinal/distal canals(p = 0.039). Biodentine had greater filling volume more than MTA Flow in the mesiolingual/distobuccal canals (p = 0.049). Conclusions MTA Flow was found as a suitable biomaterial according to the treatment time and quality of root canal fillings.

Diş hekimlerinin COVID-19 salgını sırasında enfekte olma riski yüksektir. Bu kesitsel çalışma, diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin COVID-19 pandemisi ile ilgili kaygı ve bilgi düzeylerini, online eğitime dair görüşlerini ve kariyer seçimi sebebiyle pişmanlık oranlarını değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.Yöntemler: Google docs üzerinde online bir anket oluşturulmuş ve diş hekimliği öğrencileri ile paylaşılmıştır. Anket, COVID-19 hakkında bilgi, pandemi kaygısı ve online eğitim geri bildirimleri olmak üzere üç bölüme ayrılmıştır. Bilgi ve kaygı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için Mann-Whitney U Testi ve Spearman Rho Korelasyon Analizleri kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Preklinik grubunun bilgi düzeyi klinik grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşüktür (P = ,000; P < ,05). Bilgi düzeyi arttıkça, kaygı düzeyi azalmıştır (r = -0,116, P = ,007). Öğrencilerin %27,7'si diş hekimliği seçiminden pişmanlık duymaktadır ve kaygı puanları pişmanlık duymayanlara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur (P = ,000; P < ,05).Sonuç: Diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin COVID-19 hakkındaki bilgileri kabul edilebilir düzeydedir. Öğrencilerin daha bilinçli ve özgüven sahibi olmalarını sağlamak için, kaygı düzeylerinin ve pişmanlık oranlarının azaltılmasına yönelik COVID-19 enfeksiyonu hakkında eğitim verilmelidir. Eğitim politikaları, öğrencilerin beklenti ve taleplerini dikkate alarak belirlenmelidir.

Çalışmamızda Edirne'nin 3 ilçesinde içme sularındaki fluor seviyeleri belirlenerek bölgede yaşayan çocuklarda dental fluorozis ve diş çürüğü görülme sıklığı değerlendirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Edirne ilinde, Kuzey Havsa, Süloğlu ve Lalapaşa ilçe merkezleri ve köylerinden içme suyu örnekleri toplanmıştır. İçme sularındaki fluor miktarları iyon spesifik F elektrodu (Orion 960900 Fluoride Combination Electrode, Thermo Scientific) kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Bu bölgedeki çocuklarda diş çürükleri DMFT/dft indeksi kullanılarak dental fluorozis ise Thylstrup-Fejerskov (TF) indeksi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Bölge, içme sularındaki fluor oranlarına göre grup 1: <0,5 ppm (F1), grup 2: 0,5-1,2 ppm (F2) ve grup 3: 2,39 ppm (F3) şeklinde gruplandırılmıştır. Toplanan tüm veriler SPSS 21v istatistik programı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya toplam 237 çocuk (129 erkek 108 kız; yaş ortalaması 9,85±1,68) dahil edilmiştir. F1 grubunda 143 (%60,3); F2 grubunda 60 (%25,3); F3 grubunda 34 (%14,4) çocuk bulunmaktadır. İçme suyundaki fluor miktarı ile dental fluorozis ilişkisine bakıldığında F1, F2, F3 gruplarının TF ortalamaları 0,26±0,62; 0,75±1,34; 3,59±2,55 olarak tespit edilmiş olup F1, F2, F3 grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p=0,000). İçme suyundaki fluor ile diş çürüğü ilişkisine bakıldığında F1, F2, F3 gruplarında DMFT/dft ortalamaları 5,47±3,51; 2,17±3,21; 2,97±2,61 olarak bulunmuş olup gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark izlenmiştir (p=0,000). Sonuç: İçme suyundaki fluor seviyesini artması ile çocuklarda dental fluorozis şiddetinin arttığı gözlenmiştir. Çürük prevalansının yüksek bulunduğu bölgelerde sistemik fluorun çürükten korunmada bir miktar etkili olduğu ancak özellikle süt dentisyonda beklenen etkisinin olmadığı görülmüştür. Çalışmamız bir kez daha sistemik fluorun çürükten korunmada tek başına yetersiz olabileceğini göstermiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Dental fluorozis, diş çürüğü, fluor. SUMMARY Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate fluoride levels in drinking water in 3 districts of Edirne and evaluate the prevalence of dental caries and dental fluorosis in children. Material and Methods: Drinking water samples were collected from villages of north Havsa, Süloğlu and Lalapaşa districts in Edirne province. Fluorine levels in drinking water were measured using ion-specific F electrode (Orion 960900 Fluoride Combination Electrode, Thermo Scientific). Children in this region were screened for dental caries by using DMFT/dft index and dental fluorosis was evaluated by Thylstrup-Fejerskov (TF) Index. According to the fluoride levels in drinking water the region was divided into, group 1: <0.5ppm (F1), group 2: 0.5-1.2ppm (F2) and group 3 = 2.39 ppm (F3). All collected data were evaluated by using SPSS 21v statistics program. Results: A total of 237 children 129 male, 108 female, mean age 9.85 ±1.68) were included in the study. There were 143 (60.3%) children in the F1 group, 60 (25.3%) in F2 and 34