Violence in the workplace is an increasing occupational health concern worldwide. Health care workers are at high risk of assault. To develop, monitor, and manage prevention policies, baseline data should be available. This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the current extent of workplace violence nationwide in Turkey. The study population of 12.944 health care workers was a stratified sample of all health care workers (612,639) in the country. A probabilistic sampling was made on the basis of the "multistage stratified random cluster sampling method." This study was conducted by a structured questionnaire in a face-to-face interview. The questionnaire items were adapted and translated into Turkish based on questionnaires of International Labor Organization, International Council of Nurses, World Health Organization, and Public Services International. The percentage of health care workers who experienced workplace violence in Turkey in the previous 12 months was 44.7%. The types of violence included physical 6.8%, verbal 43.2%, mobbing (bullying) 2.4%, and sexual harassment 1%. Multivariate analysis showed that level of health care system, type of institution, gender, occupation, age, working hours, and shift work were independent risk factors for experiencing workplace violence ( p < .05). Our study indicates that the workplace violence among health care workers is a significant problem. The results of the study can serve as the basis for future analytical studies and for development of appropriate prevention efforts.

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ÖZETAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Gross ve John (1995) The purpose of the present study was to investigate reliability and validity indicators of the BEQ in our culture. Method:The sample composed of 213 (115 women) people whose average of age 35. The people were voluntered for the study and lived within the borders of Izmir. The validity indicators of the questionaire were investigated through explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses, gender differences between the scores and correlational analyses on Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Anyway, the realibility indicators of the questionaire were explored by internal consistency coefficient and test re-test reliability.Results: Confirmatory and explanatory factor analyses revealed a three factor model explaining % 48 of the total variance. These factors were named as emotional expressivity, impulse strength and masking. The results showed a positive correlation between the DERS and the total BEQ scores, which were congruent with theoretical expectations. It was found that the women had higher scores in the BEQ, emotional expressivity and impulse strength subscales while the men had higher scores than women in the masking subscale, meaning the women might be more emotionally expressive and the intensity of their emotional experience were higher than men. In addition, the Cronbach's alpha value was .81 and test re-test values were .78 for the total BEQ. Conclusion:Based on these results it was concluded that The Turkish version of the BEQ has sufficiently high reliability and validity to justify its use as a tool in emotion expression studies.