ABSTRACT:This study aimed to evaluate the stress and changes in white blood cell count of juveniles Oreochromis niloticus subjected to acute toxicity of diesel oil. The toxicity was evaluated in a completely randomized design with five dilutions (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40%) and one control, both with three replicates. For the assessment of blood glucose levels and changes in white blood cell count, blood was drawn by caudal puncture of the dying fish. It was concluded that diesel oil can present risks to aquatic ecosystem, causing toxicity and physiological changes to fish. KEYWORDS: physiological changes; fish; derived oil; leukogram. RESUMO:O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o estresse e as alterações no leucograma dos juvenis de Oreochromis niloticus submetidos à toxicidade aguda do óleo diesel. A toxicidade foi avaliada em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco diluições (20, 25, 30, 35 e 40%) e um controle, ambos com três repetições. Para a avaliação dos níveis glicêmicos e alteração no leucograma, foi retirado sangue por punção caudal dos peixes moribundos. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o óleo diesel pode apresentar riscos ao ecossistema aquático, provocando toxicidade aos organismos aquáticos e alterações fisiológicas. Alterações leucocitárias ocasionadas pelo estresse toxicológico agudo do óleo diesel em juvenis de tilápia-do-nilo PALAVRAS-CHAVE:

The objective of this study was to evaluate menthol and eugenol as anesthetics for early juveniles of curimba, Prochilodus lineatus. Juveniles of 4.0±0.5 g and a total length of 8.8±0.1 cm were exposed to the anesthetics menthol (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 mg L −1 ) and eugenol (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 mg L −1 ) up to deep anesthesia. The anesthetic effects were evaluated measuring the induction time to deep anesthesia (characterized by loss of equilibrium, absence of swimming, reduction of opercular movements, and responses only to intense tactile stimuli), recovery time, time to appetite return, and mortality rate after 96 h of procedure. The concentrations between 60 to 80 mg of menthol L −1 provided the lowest time of induction. Increased concentrations led to a decrease in recuperation time. The concentrations between 50 to 70 mg of eugenol L −1 provided the lowest induction times; however, recovery time was not affected by eugenol concentrations. The return to appetite was observed 24 h after anesthesia, while the survival after 96 h was >90%. Concentrations of 60 and 50 mg L −1 of menthol and eugenol, respectively, are recommended for effective anesthesia with limited side effects.

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ethnobotany has been an excellent research tool in understanding the various ways that relate physics, culture and spirituality to plants in traditional quilombol communities. Studies on medicinal plants, which demonstrate their diversity and use by quilombola communities, demonstrate their relevance, given factors such as cultural influence, ancient knowledge passed on to each generation bringing them to scientific knowledge. In this context, the present study aimed to conduct a survey on the diversity and use of medicinal plants by quilombola communities, through the review of articles from 2014 to 2019 obtained by the SciELO platform, LILACS and CAPES Magazine Portal. With the study, it is clear what is the importance or fundamental knowledge about the diversity and use of these medicinal plants, and the lack of knowledge of an important risk factor for poisoning for the residents of these communities, thus alerting the need for education and preventive activities, as well as the publication and dissemination of research with similar objectives, are those that best use above as their basic and nutritional needs.

Esta pesquisa desenvolveu-se em duas escolas localizadas no nordeste paraense, e teve como objetivo difundir as atividades do Programa de Educação Tutorial do curso e Engenharia de Pesca (PET-PESCA). As escolas foram selecionadas de forma aleatória levando-se em consideração o contexto de estarem localizadas em uma área de Reserva Extrativista (RESEX). As ações foram realizadas por meio de apresentação de palestras, discussão do tema através da interação com os alunos e apresentação de teatro de fantoches. É preciso que haja uma parceria das escolas com os órgãos ambientais competentes para a implementação de um programa de Educação Ambiental, que possa esclarecer aos alunos a importância da conservação ambiental.

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