The effect of high gamma irradiation and nanosilica on the structure and mechanical properties of the acrylonitrile butadiene rubber seal materials was investigated in this study. Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber nanocomposites containing (25, 50 and 75 phr) unmodified and modified nanosilica were irradiated at different doses (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1 MGy). The dispersion of nanosilica-based filler in acrylonitrile butadiene rubber was investigated by scanning electron microscope. Fourier-transform infrared analysis, swelling, crosslinking, mechanical and the thermal resistance properties of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber nanocomposites were investigated. From the results, it is clear that with modified nanosilica, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber phase crosslinking is accelerated with increasing γ-doses compared to unmodified nanosilica and seems to enhance physical, mechanical and the thermal properties of the rubber. The surface of the acrylonitrile butadiene rubber nanocomposites was investigated by scanning electron microscope and found better dispersion for acrylonitrile butadiene rubber with 25 phr of modified nanosilica at 0.6 MGy. The compression set of the results indicated that 25 phr modified nanosilica has best properties under high gamma irradiation.
Polymer nanocomposites consist of a polymeric substances and a nanoscale reinforcing materials. These materials show substantial improvements in mechanical properties, gas barrier properties, thermal stability, chemical resistance, dimensional stability and fire retardancy over the base polymer. The reinforcing effect of nano-clay on high density polyethylene (HDPE) and the effect of gamma radiation on the properties of HDPE with different ratios of nano-clay have been studied. The nano-clay are added to HDPE of 0%, 3.0%, 5.0%, 7.0% and 10.0% by weight. After the nano composites are exposed to different doses of gamma radiation, the phase composition microstructure and mechanical properties of composites are investigated using tensile test, hardness and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. Results show that the mechanical properties of nano-composites are improved due to addition of nano-clay. It is found that the optimum 3 wt % nano-clay addition. The microstructural analysis results indicate that the nano-clay behaves not only as a filler to improve the microstructure, but also as an activator to facilitate the polymer reaction. The mechanical properties were investigated as a function of irradiation dose and nano-clay content. Gamma irradiation led to a significant improvement in the properties for all composites up to 100 KGy.
EPDM is the most commonly used type of rubbers for cables insulation. In order to improve the EPDM insulation rubber performance, many additives can be used. Aluminum hydroxide is used as a fire retardant because it is safe and cheap and reduces the amount of smoke produced in fires. In this study, two concentrations (10 and 20 phr) of aluminum hydroxide ATH were used to improve EPDM insulation properties and to prolong its operational life. The effect of gamma doses (up to 600 KGy) on the mechanical, physical and thermal properties of EPDM/ ATH has been investigated. The results of the present study show that the optimum concentration of ATH is 20phr.
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