The effect of γ-irradiation on acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber NBR seal materials with different antioxidants

Ahmed, Farida S.; Shafy, Mahmoud; El-Megeed, A. A. Abd; Hegazi, Elham M.

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2011.02.066

Cited by 69 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The reason for the decreased swelling of samples was quite clear, and the dominant factor was increasing cross-link density, which was also evident from the cross-link density results as discussed later. Figure 3 showed that the cross-link density significantly increased for two curing systems as the curing agent content increases, which agreed with the results of Ahmed et al 23 This increase was due to the formation of a three-dimensional network structure and more and more dense for the structure. Meanwhile, it could be observed that S/DCP samples have higher cross-link densities at all doses as compared to DCP samples.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

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Effect of different curing systems on cell structure, mechanical properties and aging resistance of nitrile butadiene rubber foam coating with liquid compounds

Zheng

Qiu

Liu³

et al. 2013

Materials Research Innovations

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Gaskets made of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) coating and metal plate were one of the classified seals used in automotive engine. In the present study, NBR foam-metal composite gaskets were prepared by liquid NBR overlain metal plate. The foam coating was thinner and more uniform compared with solid rubber forms usually used. Two different curing systems of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) system and a combined system of sulphur with DCP (S/DCP system) were investigated for curing NBR foam coating. The effects of curing system and agent content on cell structure, mechanical properties and resistance to fluid and heat of NBR foam, and the interfacial adhesion between NBR foam coating and metal plate, were examined. It was found that the S/DCP system gave NBR foam coating with bigger cell size, higher porosity and cross-link density compared with the DCP system. Furthermore, the S/DCP system had better tensile property and played a better role in the protection of the gasket seals against fuel B and hot air.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Porosity~1{ r foam r solid (7) where r solid is the density of solid rubber (g cm 23 ), and r foam is the density of rubber foam (g cm 23 ).…”

Section: Foam Porositymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different curing systems on cell structure, mechanical properties and aging resistance of nitrile butadiene rubber foam coating with liquid compounds

Zheng

Qiu

Liu³

et al. 2013

Materials Research Innovations

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show abstract

“…The peak at 2232 cm −1 was assigned to the  CN stretching vibration. The peaks at 1733 and 1532 cm −1 corresponded to the C  O stretching vibration, indicating the presence of additives such as stearic acid and curing package . The peak at 1433 cm −1 was assigned to the C  H bending vibration of the CH 2 group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of medium phases on the thermal degradation of hydrogenated nitrile rubber O‐rings under compression

Lou

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The degradation of hydrogenated nitrile rubber O‐rings under exposure to either air or hydraulic oil under compression were investigated at elevated temperatures. The physical and chemical changes of the samples aged for various durations were studied by measuring the weight, compression set, tensile strength, elongation at break, crosslinking density, fracture morphology, and attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared (ATR–FTIR) spectroscopy. The results indicate that the weight decreased with exposure time and temperature and that weight loss was greater in oil. Crosslinking and chain scission both occurred during the aging process. The significant changes in the mechanical properties indicate that more severe degradation occurs in air. The fracture morphologies results show that the fracture surfaces aged in oil become rougher and have more defects. The ATR–FTIR results demonstrate that the hydroxyl groups were formed in air and oil, while carboxyl groups were only generated in air. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45864.

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“…NBR has great potential in safety defence, automobile and seals industries because of its low cost, excellent resistance to water, oil, fuels and greases, low abrasion rate, and good process ability. 2,3 However, the ageing resistance of NBR is sensitive to light, heat, oxygen, and other atmospheric factors because of the presence of an unsaturated back-bone of butadiene. [4][5][6] A degrading environment, such as one characterized by high temperature, high humidity, strong light, low temperature, or a mechanical load, can have an obvious effect on NBR durability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Ageing Behaviour of Nitrile-Butadiene Rubber with Added Graphene in an Accelerated Thermal Ageing Environment

Gao

Guo

2018

Kem. Ind.

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In this paper, the thermal ageing of nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) reinforced with different graphene (GE) concentrations has been investigated. NBR and NBR-GE composites were exposed to an accelerated thermal ageing environment produced by an air-circulating oven for seven days. The mechanical properties, chemical changes, and thermal stability of ageing samples and neat samples were evaluated. The results showed that the surface damage of NBR was severe and inhomogeneous, and the degree of ageing was most serious on the edge region of the voids, but NBR-GE composites were changed slightly before and after ageing. The tensile strength increased with the increase of GE concentration, up to a maximum value, and decreased with further increases in GE concentration. The GE embedded crosslinked network limited the segment movement of chains in the stretch direction and played a role in the composites properties, and the GE sheets (contained the functional groups of −OH, −C=O and C=C) after ageing. This behaviour may indicate greater interface adhesion between the GE and NBR. In addition, results obtained by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that the thermal stability of NBR significantly changed with accelerated thermal ageing environment, but with addition of a certain amount of GE to NBR, the thermal stability of NBR could be improved. The NBR/GE composites exhibited good comprehensive performance with a mass fraction of GE of 10 %. Before and after the thermal ageing, the failure mechanism of NBR-GE composites appeared intergranular and ductile fracture, respectively.

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The effect of γ-irradiation on acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber NBR seal materials with different antioxidants

Cited by 69 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of different curing systems on cell structure, mechanical properties and aging resistance of nitrile butadiene rubber foam coating with liquid compounds

Effect of different curing systems on cell structure, mechanical properties and aging resistance of nitrile butadiene rubber foam coating with liquid compounds

Effects of medium phases on the thermal degradation of hydrogenated nitrile rubber O‐rings under compression

Investigation of Ageing Behaviour of Nitrile-Butadiene Rubber with Added Graphene in an Accelerated Thermal Ageing Environment

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