Background Most developing countries are suffering from a decline in agricultural area and fresh water supply due to the adverse effects of climate change. Sunflower has been considered as having the ability to grow under various environmental conditions, tolerating levels considered stresses to other plants. Materials and Methods Thus, two field experiments were conducted in the screen of National Research Centre during two successive summer seasons 2018 and 2019, respectively to investigate the effect of soaking seeds of sunflower plant in different concentrations of chitosan (control, 25, 50 and 75 mg/L) on growth, some physiological parameters, yield and its components and some chemical composition of the yielded seeds of sunflower under different salinity levels (control, 4000 and 8000 mg/l). Results The obtained results showed that salt stress with 4000 mg/L recorded the highest values of all the studied growth characters, photosynthetic pigments, some physiological aspects, seed yield/plant and oil %. On the other hand, the highest values of head diameter, head circumference, weight 50 seed and crude protein were obtained by control treatment. Meanwhile, the highest values of proline and free amino acid were recorded under higher salinity level (8000 mg/L). On the other hand, all chitosan treatments significantly enhanced growth and productivity of sunflower plant. Also, the obtained data that, chitosan concentration (50 mg/L) recorded the highest values of all the studied growth and yield quantity and quality via enhancing photosynthetic pigments and the studied physiological aspects, as compared with other treatments. As for interaction effect, plants treated with chitosan concentration (50 mg/L) under salinity level (4000 mg/L) recorded the highest growth characters, photosynthetic pigments and IAA. While the interaction between chitosan concentrations (50 mg/L) under salinity level (8000 mg/L) recorded the highest yield characters, except for crude protein (75 mg/L chitosan) in control plants (those plants irrigated with tap water). Conclusion In conclusion, chitosan treatments did not only improve plant growth and productivity but also could enhance the reducing effects of salinity stress on growth and productivity of sunflower plant. The most effective concentrations was 50 mg/L on increasing growth and yield of sunflower plant.

Background: Garlic extract is a highly nutritive value extract; it contains large number of important enzymes and more than 200 biochemical compounds such as antioxidants and vitamins. Ascorbic acid and nicotinamide are considered as antioxidants and also known as growth-regulating compounds that influence different physiological and biochemical processes in plants. Methodology: A field experiment was conducted in sandy soil during two successive seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 at Research and Production Station, National Research Centre, El-Nubaria Province, El-Behera Governorate, Egypt. The objective of this investigation was to study the effect of foliar application of garlic extract (5%), ascorbic acid (200 ppm) and nicotinamide (50 ppm) compared with tap water on growth, some biochemical aspects, yield, yield components and some chemical components of three faba bean cultivars (Vicia faba L, cv., Nubaria-1, Nubaria-2 and Giza-843). Results: The obtained results showed that Nubaria-1 was superior to Nubaria-2 and Giza-843 in all growth and yield criteria in the growing seasons except plant height was superior in Nubaria-2. Foliar treatment of garlic extract had the superiority effect in all characters of growth and yield and its components, and consequently increased significantly all yield criteria of Nubaria-1 cultivar. Data clearly showed that the effect of different treatments caused marked increases in photosynthetic pigments, indole acetic acid, phenolics, carbohydrate constituents, free amino acids and proline contents of Nubaria 1 cultivar which was sprayed by garlic extract at 5% followed by nicotinamide and ascorbic acid, respectively. Conclusions: In general, the current research suggested that garlic extract at 5% as a foliar application increased the quantity of faba bean cultivars grown under sandy soil conditions. Therefore, garlic extract at the rate of 5% and Nubaria1 encourage the farmers to use of garlic extract to give promising seed yield under reclaimed sandy soil.

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The current examination was done at North-Eltahrer, Alnubaria Albuhaira Governorate, during 2018/19 and 2019/20 seasons. The field analyze was led to consider the impact of foliar application with alga extricate (Spirulina platensis) and Nitrogen fertilization on creation and nature of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris var. MK4200) was planted in a sandy soil under sprinkler water system framework. A splitsplit plot design with three replicates was utilized in the two seasons. Nitrogen focus was masterminded in the primary plots, while Algae were allotted in the sub plot. the Results demonstrated that foliar utilization of alga extract using1.0 g/l or 2.0 g/l produced significantly higher values of photosynthetic pigments), vegetative growth traits of sugar beet plants (root diameter, root and foliage fresh weight), (root and top dry weight/plant) and yield and yield components (root and top weight (g/plant and kg/fed), Sugar yield and quality traits. Higher estimations of development ascribe, and yield and its segments were gotten with adding 120 N kg/fed. The interaction between alga concentrates and Nitrogen fertilization altogether influenced complete photosynthetic pigments, all development characters, yield and yield components. The blend of 2.0 g/L alga extracts alongside 120 N kg/fed. can be prescribed to get the most extreme root yield/fed. Sugar yield was essentially and emphatically corresponded with Sucrose% followed by juice purity% and Brix% as well. Negative relationship was identified between juice purity%, and brix%.