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The Internet is widely used for accessing COVID-19 information and while abundant, it is frequently complex, inconsistent, and contradictory. This "misinfodemic" has repeatedly revealed low health literacy to be an underestimated public health problem. This study evaluated whether this holds true for information about COVID-19 and cancer on commonly visited websites. "Coronavirus and cancer" and "COVID-19 and cancer" were entered in Google Canada and the first 10 results were evaluated for readability, understandability, actionability, accuracy and consistency. Much of the cancer and COVID-19 information online does not meet health literacy best practices and is inaccessible to patients seeking this information.

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Background: In response to evidence about the health benefits of smoking cessation at time of cancer diagnosis, Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario) (OH-CCO) instructed Regional Cancer Centres (RCC) to implement smoking cessation interventions (SCI). RCCs were given flexibility to implement SCIs according to their context but were required to screen new patients for tobacco status, advise patients about the importance of quitting, and refer patients to cessation supports. The purpose of this evaluation was to identify practices that influenced successful implementation across RCCs. Methods: A realist evaluation approach was employed. Realist evaluations examine how underlying processes of an intervention (mechanisms) in specific settings (contexts) interact to produce results (outcomes). A realist evaluation may thus help to generate an understanding of what may or may not work across contexts. Results: The RCCs with the highest Tobacco Screening Rates used a centralized system. Regarding the process for advising and referring, three RCCs offered robust smoking cessation training, resulting in advice and referral rates between 80% and 100%. Five RCCs surpassed the target for Accepted Referral Rates; acceptance rates for internal referral were highest overall. Conclusion: Findings highlight factors that may influence successful SCI implementation.

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