WWW.ECONOMYOFREGION.COM diversification potential directions and choosing the most appropriate one. On the six stage, we define the diversification integrity level. Lastly, we elaborate measures for the rural economy development and forecast their implementation. The conclusions of diversification diagnosis reflect the real situation and allow selecting alternative activities to increase the employment and living standards of rural population. The study's results can be used by the governing bodies in developing a differentiated policy of rural development.
Диверсифицированное развитие сельских территорий в настоящее время зависит от состояния сферы обслуживания и качества предоставляемых социальных услуг, которые, с одной стороны, направлены на удовлетворение социальных потребностей сельских жителей и улучшение инфраструктурной обеспеченности территорий, а с другой – способствуют созданию новых рабочих мест на селе, повышению уровня доходов и улучшению качества жизни селян. Целью научной работы является обоснование необходимости реструктуризации сельской экономики с ориентацией на развитие сферы социальных услуг. Методы проведения работы. При проведении исследования использованы общенаучные методы и приемы системного подхода, дедукции и индукции, аналогии, статистического анализа. В зависимости от решаемых задач применялись методы: абстрактно-логические, монографические, экономико-статистические, социологические. Результаты. В исследовании показано повышение роли сферы обслуживания в сельской экономике и представлены результаты обеспеченности сельского населения социальными услугами по основным отраслям: образование, здравоохранение, культура, спорт, бытовое обслуживание, общественное питание, торговля. Для создания комфортных условий проживания и жизнедеятельности в сельской местности определены возможности диверсифицированного развития сферы социальных услуг по следующим направлениям: видам деятельности, производимым продуктам и технологиям. Область применения результатов. Результаты проведенного исследования могут использоваться региональными и местными органами власти при формировании политики развития сферы социальных услуг на сельских территориях, а также при разработке и реализации стратегий социально-экономического развития муниципальных районов и программ комплексного развития сельских поселений. Выводы. Реализация обозначенных диверсификационных направлений, затрагивающих все отрасли сферы обслуживания, будет способствовать расширению ассортимента оказываемых услуг и модернизации применяемых форм и методов обслуживания сельского населения.
Аннотация: несмотря на значительный научный и практический интерес к вопро сам развит ия социальной инфраструктуры как одного из направлений диверсификации сельской экономики, до сих пор нет эффективной модели ее развития. В статье приведены результаты типизации муниципальных районов Воронежской области по достигнутому уровню развит ия сельской социальной инфраструктуры. Представлена разработанная авторами концептуальная модель развит ия социальной инфраструктуры на сельских территориях, структурными элементами которой являю т ся ее цель, задачи, принципы и концептуальные направления развития. Использование предложенной модели в качестве инструмента стратегического планирования модернизации сельской социальной инфра структуры позволит сформировать благоприятные условия жизни селян, повысить их занятость и доходы, а также обеспечить эффективность функционирования института местного самоуправления и бизнеса на селе, что активизирует диверсификационные про цессы развит ия сельской экономики. Ключевые слова: социальная инфраструктура, сельские территории, диверсифи кация экономики.
Currently, Russia's economy is undergoing a global transformation caused by digital technologies. The changes taking place contribute not only to favorable changes, but also entail the emergence of a number of potential risks and adverse consequences. Considering the most negative impact it has been revealed that the consequences can affect rural areas, whose economy is currently in need of the full support in connection with the diversified development path. The article presents the knowledge about the diversified development of the rural economy in a form considering the modern realities of the digital economy. Since the rural territory is viewed as a complex and multifaceted system it cannot be studied from the perspective of one or more scientific approaches. Thus the cognitive modeling methodology has been used as the basis of the study. The methodology is based on the use of various cognitive tools that focus on the presentation and targeted interpretation of new knowledge about the subject of study that is diversified rural development. The developed cognitive model clearly represents the system-based cause-and-effect sequence of "goals -functions structurefunctioning -result". It takes into account the cyclical nature of negative impacts and the characteristics of responses stratified by economic levels. The model is based on the dynamic unity of the processes of functioning of its components under the influence of the external environment, which allows you to form its profile patterns. The functional and structural block includes the structure, functions and factors affecting the diversified development of rural areas. The object-subject block that contains the object subsystem (a set of economic entities, population, resources, infrastructure) and the subject subsystem (institutional structuresorganizational and formal institutions). The cognitive block of the model includes both theoretical and methodological basis for the study of diversified rural development. The use of the above approach results in the obtaining the emergent effect due to the implementation of target settings within each functional special purpose cycle.
The rapid development of globalization in the world economy has a significant impact on the transformation of the socio-economic structures. The main vector of this impact is aimed at the reproduction and development of human capital, which is an intensive productive and social factor contributing to the transformation of the economy into a knowledge-based and intellectual one. In this regard, a large number of scientific works done by modern scholars are devoted to the study of the reproduction of human capital and its measurement. The existing methods are based on generally available indicators and allow for cross-country comparisons. However they do not always help to objectively assess the real value of human capital, since they do not directly characterize it. So far, there is the ongoing debate about the impact of globalization on the reproduction of human capital concerning the developing of a new methodology for its evaluation. Therefore, the development of theoretical and methodological principles of the reproduction of human capital and the consideration of various methods of its analysis in the modern paradigm of the development of the world economy is of utmost importance. This study allows us to consider the relationship of the world globalization processes and reproduction of the human capital and to determine Russia's place in the global ranking of countries on the development of human capital. The study revealed the shortcomings of existing approaches to the assessment of human capital. The need for adjusting the methods for analyzing its reproduction has been substantiated. Keywords-the reproduction of the human capital, globalization, cross-country comparisons, the measurement of human capital. the human capital is reproduced as both the labor force and the capital;
Diversified development of rural areas now depends on the state of the service sector and the quality of social services provided, which, on the one hand, are aimed at meeting the social needs of rural residents and improving the infrastructure provision of territories, and, on the other, they contribute to the creation of new jobs in the countryside, increasing incomes and improving the quality of life for villagers. The purpose of this scientific work is to justify the need to restructure the rural economy with a focus on the development of the social services sector. The study used general scientific methods and techniques of a systematic approach, deduction and induction, analogy, statistical analysis. The study shows the increasing role of the service sector in the rural economy and presents, on the basis of expert evaluation, the results of providing the rural population with social services in the main sectors: education, health, culture, sports, personal services, catering, and trade. To create comfortable living conditions in rural areas, opportunities for diversified development of the social services sector in the following areas have been identified: activities, products, and technologies. The implementation of the designated diversification areas affecting all branches of the service sector will expand the range of services provided and modernize the forms and methods used to serve the rural population.
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