The systemic nature of semiosphere organization correlates with the systemic nature of argumentation as human speech and thought activity. Argumentation is a part of semiotic continuum of human speech and thinking, forming complex subsystems of semiosphere. The paper aims at constructing the semiosphere of argumentation by identifying different approaches to its study. The authors conclude that argumentation as a logical-communicative process can be reviewed most clearly when analyzed in terms of S. Toulmin’s classification from logical, dialectical, rhetorical research perspectives. The functions of persuasion and the significance of the addressee are in this case prioritized. The pragma-dialectical approach used by the authors and its integrated nature of studying of argumentation as a speechthought activity, made it possible to transfer from logics and dialectics to cognitive-oriented research. Axioms (12), underlying approaches to the study of argumentation, were analyzed and classified according to the principles of action, practice, and activity, as applied to language, which has a speech-thought-activity character. Argumentation as a component of human thinking semiosphere is the most complex phenomenon given its multidimensional and multisystemic nature.
The research reveals the features of linguistic consciousness in the context of ideas about the semioticization of the facts of reality by bilinguals. The article emphasizes that under the influence of extralinguistic reality and the consciousness of a native speaker, the noospheric continuum is formed, which is characterized by interlingual mutual influences. The relationship between the processes of linguistic and cultural adaptation of a bilingual and the violation of the homogeneity of his linguistic consciousness is indicated. The phenomenon of heterogeneity of bilingual linguistic consciousness is associated with the formation of a metaconceptual and metalinguistic picture of the world. It is concluded that the semiotic sphere of a bilingual is a result of convergence, both conceptual and linguistic. The paper proposes the principles determining the linguistic noosphere of the bilingual, with its particular property of heterogeneity. The authors emphasize the complexity of bilingual language as a dynamic system, which is synergetic and non-linear.
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