<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> A number of classification systems (TIRADS) have been developed to estimate the likelihood of malignancy in thyroid nodules, but their reproducibility is yet to be assessed. We evaluated the interobserver variability and diagnostic performance of the TIRADS in Kwak’s modification (Kw-TIRADS) and European TIRADS (EU-TIRADS). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Two independent specialists, blinded concerning the morphology of the nodules, evaluated ultrasound images of 153 thyroid nodules identified in 149 patients at multiple time points. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The interobserver agreement (Cohen’s κ) was 0.52 and 0.67 for Kw-TIRADS and EU-TIRADS, respectively, and rated as substantial. There were strong correlations between Kw-TIRADS and EU-TIRADS for the two observers with Spearman’s coefficients of 0.731 (<i>p</i> = 0.00025) and 0.661 (<i>p</i> = 0.0012), respectively. Sensitivity of Kw-TIRADS for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer was 95–92.31% and that of EU-TIRADS was 92.31–89.74%, with specificity of about 60% for both TIRADS. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Despite the wide variability in the description of single ultrasonographic features, both Kw-TIRADS and EU-TIRADS may be a useful diagnostic tool in clinical practice.

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Objective:a comparative “blind” assessment of the thyroid nodules identified by ultrasound, according to the TI-RADS scale in various modifications.Materials and methods.Retrospective analysis of 149 echograms  of thyroid nodules by three independent experts was performed (the  experience of ultrasound of thyroid ultrasound for more than 7 years).Results. In solid nodules, high-specific large (more than 94%) and  small (more than 90%) ultrasound signs of thyroid cancer have been identified. The nodes are stratified according to the TI-RADS system: 1 – in the modification J.Y. Kwak et al. (2011), 2 – according to the  proposed system, taking into account small ultrasound signs of  thyroid cancer. High reproducibility of both systems are obtained. In the first system 13.7% of cancer nodes fell into the category of TI- RADS 3 (benign formations), in the second system only 5% of  cancers fell into the category of TI-RADS 3, which is important for  biopsy selection. The sensitivity of the first system was TI-RADS  82.05%, of the second system – 94.87%.Conclusions.Classification of TI-RADS can be used to interpret the  ultrasound results of thyroid nodules, taking into account both the  main large and small ultrasound signs of cancer. For its validation in  our country, it is necessary to further broad discussion of the proposed TI-RADS system.

Caroli’s disease is a rare inherited disorder characterized by nonobstructive saccular or fusiform dilation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Two main types of Caroli’s disease are reported, the true type with isolated dilation of intrahepatic bile ducts of single liver segment with formation of stones and development of cholangitis. The second type is combined with a congenital hepatic fibrosis. The true type of Caroli’s disease is distinct from primary sclerosing cholangitis, polycystic disease, cholangiolithiasis and other diseases. This paper presents a literature review and a case of monolobar Caroli’s disease with intrahepatic stones. The difficulties of preoperative differential diagnosis are shown.

An active discussion of TI-RADS modifications (Thyroid Imaging Reporting And Diagnostic System) classification continues in the world professional medical community. This system of thyroid nodules stratification on the malignancy signs is intended primarily to select thyroid nodules for a fine needle aspiration biopsy. The classification should be uniform for all medical institutions of our country, easy to use and understandable by various medical specialists. This article presents a modification of TI-RADS prepared for discussion in the professional communities of Russia. Some “major” ultrasound features of malignancy (with specificity >95%) and additional or “minor” features (with specificity >90%) of thyroid nodules are pointed out to emphasise the need of fine needle biopsy. After comparison of diagnostic parameters of proposed TI-RADS and European TIRADS (EU-TIRADS), both systems showed comparable specificity of 93%, while sensitivity of proposed TI-RADS was slightly higher than for EU-TIRADS, with 94.2% and 91.0%, respectively. This discrepancy may be related to “minor” features of malignancy which were taken into consideration.

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Breast carcinoma in men is a rare disease, with an incidence of 1:100,000. It is found approximately 100 times more rarely in men than in women. Breast carcinoma represents 0.2-1.5 % of all malignant tumors in men (Crichlow 1972 ; Ostrovskaya et al. 1988 ). Studies demonstrate that black men are affected more often than white men, regardless of age. The incidence of breast cancer in black men is 1.8:100,000, compared with 1.1:100,000 in white men (Anderson et al. 2004 ).The majority of publications on breast carcinoma in men are based on rather small clinical groups. Few authors have published surveys with more than 100 cases. Scientifi c works with a large number of patients analyze the data of several medical institutions or review the literature. This substantially complicates the analysis because of the heterogeneity of the data. The fi rst large works were published

There is no single classification of TI-RADS. In different countries, various modifications are used. It is necessary to compare different versions of the classification for choosing the most optimal variant.Objective: a comparative “blind” assessment of the thyroid nodules identified by ultrasound, according to the TI-RADS scale in various modifications.Materials and methods. Retrospective analysis of 153 echograms of thyroid lesions: colloid goiter/nodular colloid goiter – 77 observations, autoimmune thyroiditis – 11, follicular adenoma – 77, follicular cancer – 2, medullar cancer – 1, papillary cancer – 36 observations.Results.A comparative evaluation of the reproducibility of the three modifications of TI-RADS was carried out – the opinions of independent experts were homogeneous. Ultrasonic criteria for the evaluation of thyroid nodules for each TI-RADS variant are presented. The European and proposed by Russian authors variants, in addition to the large signs of malignancy, use small features extended in the domestic version of TI-RADS, which increases the sensitivity of these classification options.Тhe shortest time to evaluate thyroid formations was required when using the European classification. The European and proposed by Russian authors variants, in addition to the large signs of malignancy, use small signs, which increases the sensitivity of these classification options until 51 and 53%. The higher sensitivity of the korean variant – 57.8%.Conclusions. It is necessary to further discuss the TI-RADS options and find the most optimal solution.