ABSTRACT. The paper presents irradiation of thermoplastic elastomers based on ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plasticized with small ionizing radiation doses, in the presence of triallylisocyanurate (TAC), for the purpose of improving their characteristics. Results obtained from the study have shown that by irradiating blends of EVA/PVC in presence of TAC, new materials with improved properties have been obtained, as a result of crosslinking reactions and reorientation of sample particles under the influence of accelerated electrons. The optimal irradiation dose and the optimal TAC concentration can be chosen depending on the composition of each blend and on the applications of the final product. KEY WORDS: EVA, PVC, TAC, irradiation, physico-mechanical properties STUDIU PRIVIND ÎMBUNÃTÃÞIREA CARACTERISTICILOR FIZICO-MECANICE ALE AMESTECURILOR EVA/PVC IRADIATE CU ELECTRONI ACCELERAÞI ÎN PREZENÞADE TRIALILIZOCIANURAT REZUMAT. Lucrarea prezintã iradierea unor elastomeri termoplastici pe bazã de etilen vinil acetat (EVA) ºi policlorurã de vinil (PVC) plastifiatã cu doze mici de radiaþie ionizantã, în prezenþã de trialilizocianurat (TAC), cu scopul de a îmbunãtãþi caracteristicile acestora. Rezultatele obþinute în urma studiului au arãtat cã prin iradierea amestecurilor de EVA/PVC în prezenþa TAC, s-au obþinut materiale cu proprietãþi îmbunãtãþite, ca urmare a reacþiilor de reticulare ºi de reorientare a particulelor probelor sub influenþa electronilor acceleraþi. Doza optimã de iradiere ºi concentraþia optimã de TAC se pot alege în funcþie de compoziþia fiecãrui amestec în parte ºi de utilizãrile produsului final. CUVINTE CHEIE: EVA, PVC, TAC, iradiere, proprietãþi fizico-mecanice ETUDE SUR L'AMÉLIORATION DES CARACTÉRISTIQUES PHYSIQUES ET MÉCANIQUES DES MÉLANGES EVA/PVC IRRADIÉS PAR FAISCEAU D'ÉLECTRONS DANSLA PRÉSENCE DE TRIALLYL ISOCYANURATE RÉSUMÉ. Cet article présente l'irradiation d'élastomères thermoplastiques mélanges à base d'éthylène-acétate de vinyle (EVA) et le chlorure de polyvinyle (PVC) plastifié avec de faibles doses de rayonnements ionisants en présence du triallyl isocyanurate (TAC) afin d'améliorer leurs propriétés. Les résultats obtenus à partir de l'étude ont montré que par l'irradiation des mélanges EVA/PVC en présence de TAC on a obtenu des matériaux avec des propriétés améliorées en raison des réactions de réticulation et la réorientation des particules d'échantillons sous l'influence des électrons accélérés. La dose optimale de radiation et la concentration optimale de TAC peuvent être choisies selon la composition de chaque mélange séparément et selon les utilisations du produit final.
The most important stage in the rubber processing technology is vulcanization / crosslinking, which confers mechanical and thermal stability to rubbers. During crosslinking, rubber molecules with chain configuration are linked by chemical bridges / bonds, and the rubber mass turns from its plastic mass into an elastic one. This is normally done by sulphur and accelerator for general purpose rubbers. The chemistry of vulcanization is complex and the resulting crosslinks may be mono-, di-, tri-or higher poly-sulphides, with a proportion which is among others largely determined by the vulcanization system, the cure time and the temperature. These compounds and their reaction products could be responsible for cytotoxicity and allergycausing compounds, such as nitrosamines and nitrosatable materials. For these reasons, the aim was to eliminate or reduce toxic ingredients in elaborating and developing crosslinking technologies for natural rubber mixtures, so that the resulting materials may be used in the pharmaceutical or food industry, as well as in manufacturing other rubber goods (toys, various components for footwear, rubber plates, seals and hoses for various purposes, etc.). This paper presents a study on the influence of the vulcanization method on the characteristics of a natural rubber blend. The tested methods have been: (1) with sulphur and vulcanization accelerators, (2) with benzoyl peroxide in the presence of a polyfunctional monomer. Modification of characteristics was analysed depending on the crosslinking method.
Natural rubber is the most frequently used elastomer worldwide due to its low prices, renewability, non-toxicity and excellent physical properties. Natural rubber is not used as such but in the form of mixtures which generally contain: fillers for reinforcement, plasticizers, crosslinking agents and other ingredients that confer different characteristics to the final product. Reinforcement of elastomers by incorporating fillers is a process of great practical and technological importance that greatly enhances the physical-mechanical properties of the composite material and reduces the cost price. The origin of such mechanical reinforcement has been linked to the interaction between the rubber and filler as well as the homogeneous dispersion of the filler within the polymer matrix. In natural rubber technology, knowledge of the conditions necessary to achieve more efficient natural rubber-filler interactions is improving continuously. The purpose of this article is to determine the influence of different types of mineral or organic fillers on the properties of natural rubber mixtures. The following were determined for the mixtures obtained: curing characteristics, hardness, elasticity, tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength. The results indicate that both organic and inorganic fillers have led to improved physical and mechanical characteristics.
Performance of the electron beam fluidized bed process for disinfection and disinfestation of stored products AIP Conf.
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