EPDM/hemp fiber composites with fiber loading of 0–20 phr were prepared by the blending technique on a laboratory electrically heated roller mill. Test specimens were obtained by vulcanization using a laboratory hydraulic press. The elastomer crosslinking and the chemical modification of the hemp fiber surface were achieved by a radical reaction mechanism initiated by di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene. The influence of the fiber loading on the mechanical properties, gel fraction, swelling ratio and crosslink degree was investigated. The gel fraction, crosslink density and rubber–hemp fiber interaction were evaluated based on equilibrium solvent-swelling measurements using the Flory–Rehner relation and Kraus and Lorenz–Park equations. The morphology of the EPDM/hemp fiber composites was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The water absorption increases as the hemp fiber loading increases.
The paper presents the obtaining of new green polymeric composites using a sustainable reactive processing method, namely electron beam irradiation. EPDM rubber mixtures were reinforced with different amounts of short hemp fibers, which were then irradiated at doses between 75 and 600 kGy. The samples were analyzed by determination of physical–mechanical properties, sol–gel analysis, crosslink density (using the well-known modified Flory–Rehner equation for tetra functional networks), determination of rubber–fiber interactions (using the Kraus equation), water uptake test and FTIR analysis. The obtained results indicate an improvement of the hardness, the tensile and tear strength as the quantity of hemp fibers increases. As the irradiation dose increases, there is an increase in the degree of crosslinking and the gel fraction. Analyzing the behavior of the irradiation samples using the Charlesby–Pinner equation, it is observed that all the samples tend to crosslink by irradiation, the share of degradation reactions being low. For these reasons, the new materials can be used in the food, pharmaceutical or medical field, because the obtained products are sterile and can be easily resterilized by irradiation. They have high elasticity values and can be used to make packaging, seals and other consumer goods.
ABSTRACT. Some biocides used in the leather industry have a certain toxicity and are prohibited by the directives in force. A product with antifungal properties containing coriander essential oil was tested as finishing auxiliary for bovine shoe upper leather. The paper presents the results obtained in leather finishing using the new product AF-C and evaluation of its antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger strain. For maximum efficiency, the concentration of AF-C antifungal product must not decrease below 65% in the final dressing for leather finishing. KEY WORDS: leather, finishing, coriander essential oil, antifungal product
PRODUS DE FINISARE PENTRU ÎMBUNĂTĂŢIREA PROPRIETĂŢILOR ANTIFUNGICE ALE PIEILORREZUMAT. Unele biocide utilizate în industria de pielărie au o anumită toxicitate şi sunt interzise prin directivele în vigoare. S-a testat un produs cu proprietăţi antifungice care conţine ulei esenţial de coriandru în vederea utilizării ca auxiliar de finisare a pieilor bovine pentru feţe încălţăminte. Lucrarea prezintă rezultatele obţinute la utilizarea noului produs antifungic AF-C la finisarea pielii şi evaluarea activităţii antifungice împotriva tulpinii Aspergillus niger. Pentru eficienţă maximă, concentraţia de produs antifungic nu trebuie să scadă sub 65% în apretul final pentru finisarea pielii. CUVINTE CHEIE: piele, finisare, ulei esenţial de coriandru, produs antifungic
PRODUIT POUR LA FINITION DU CUIR POUR AMÉLIORER SON PROPRIÉTÉ ANTIFONGIQUERÉSUMÉ. Certains biocides utilisés dans l'industrie du cuir ont une certaine toxicité et sont interdites par les directives en vigueur. On a testé un produit aux propriétés antifongiques contenant d'huile essentielle de coriandre afin de l'utiliser comme auxiliaire de finition pour les cuirs bovins pour chaussures. L'article présente les résultats obtenus par l'utilisation d'un nouveau produit antifongique de finition, AF-C, et l'évaluation de l'activité antifongique contre Aspergillus niger. Pour une efficacité maximale, la concentration de produit antifongique ne devrait pas tomber en dessous de 65% dans la composition finale pour la finition du cuir. MOTS-CLÉS: cuir, finition, huile essentielle de coriandre, produit antifongique
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