Using an artificial neural network (ANN), the values of the antiradical potential of 1315 items of food and agricultural raw materials were calculated. We used an ANN with the structure of a “multilayer perceptron” (MLP) and with the hyberbolic tangent (Tanh) as an activation function. Values reported in the United States Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS) were taken as input to the analysis. When training the ANN, 60 parameters were used, such as the content of plastic substances, food calories, the amount of mineral components, vitamins, the composition of fatty acids and additional substances presented in this database. The analysis revealed correlations, namely, a direct relationship between the value of the antiradical potential (ARP) of food and the concentration of dietary fiber (r = 0.539) and a negative correlation between the value of ARP and the total calorie content of food (r = −0.432) at a significance level of p < 0.001 for both values. The average ARP value for 10 product groups within the 95% CI (confidence interval) was ≈23–28 equivalents (in terms of ascorbic acid) per 1 g of dry matter. The study also evaluated the range of average values of the daily recommended intake of food components (according to Food and Agriculture Organization—FAO, World Health Organization—WHO, Russia and the USA), which within the 95% CI, amounted to 23.41–28.98 equivalents per 1 g of dry weight. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the predicted ARP values depend not only on the type of raw materials and the method of their processing, but also on a number of other environmental and technological factors that make it difficult to obtain accurate values.

The article discusses the advantages of training specialists in economics using specialized software products. The use of the computer programs in the learning process makes it possible to prepare students for solving a variety of practical problems encountered in real economic work, including in production. When using information systems as part of the professional competencies formation, the following goals are pursued: development of the student’s creative individuality; evolution of abstract and algorithmic thinking; analytical skills amplification through training in conceptual data analysis. In some cases, obtaining practical skills is facilitated by the use of specialized software products, including the Project Expert program. The computer program Project Expert is an IT-product designed for simulation of processes occurring in economic systems with an investment component. The main tasks implemented in the program include: determining the effectiveness of investments, forming and structuring projects, conducting empirical experiments to determine the stability of the developed model. Such the software package wide capabilities allow using the whole range of professional orientation situational tasks at various stages of training students-economists. Based on the experience of using the Project Expert software product in training economists at the Samara State Agrarian University, several levels of its application can be distinguished: from practical lessons to graduate qualifying work (dissertation). The IT-technologies use allows the graduate to carry out practical tasks that the employer puts before him in a quality manner and in the shortest possible time. Knowledge of an applied programs wide range provides a universal character of training future specialists in comparison with traditional approaches.

The nutraceutical aspect of the design of new food products involves the consistent implementation of the design algorithm for multicomponent biocorrector. The analysis of potential natural sources of biologically active substances allows to prioritize products of deep biotechnological processing of oilseed and low oil raw materials, characterized by unique biotechnological potential. Using the developed software product, nomograms were obtained that make it possible to justify and design the composition of functional compositions based on products of deep processing of low-oil raw materials with a given ratio of target biologically active substances. Evaluation of the biopotential of the developed functional compositions showed the possibility of satisfying the daily needs of the body in a wide range of macro-and microelements and vitamins. A clear correlation was established between the energy efficiency of food status and an increase in the degree of oxygenation of hemoglobin in the blood.

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In order to solve the problems of the state budget deficit in the post-pandemic period in countries with developing economies, additional efforts are being made to maintain the stability of the national currency and the financial market. At the same time, in countries that provide tax revenues from oil revenues, measures are being taken that are aimed at introducing additional taxes and fees that directly affect the stimulation of investment activity in the field of hydrocarbon production. In this regard, the current tax innovations are aimed at the largest companies in the field of mining in order to generate additional revenues to the budget by revising the provided benefits and preferences for the subjects of the oil and gas sector. Taking into account the agreements adopted in 2020 at the level of the OPEC + countries on the limitation of oil production, undoubtedly, they will fully affect the revenues to the state budget of taxes levied on the extraction of minerals. At the same time, attention should be paid to a number of macroeconomic circumstances of the hydrocarbon sector of the economy of developing countries, namely, the degree of depreciation of fixed assets, since more than 50% of equipment in oil production and more than 80% of those employed in oil refining need to be updated. In this regard, when forming a concept for the development of hydrocarbon policy at the state level, it is important to provide for aspects aimed at increasing the effective return to the economy through the introduction of renewable alternative energy sources, taking into account the increased role of administration in terms of reducing CO2 emissions and shaping the role of the state's energy security.

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