Este artigo está licenciado sob forma de uma licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional, que permite uso irrestrito, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, desde que a publicação original seja corretamente citada. RESULTADOS: Os idosos do meio rural eram predominantemente homens, de cor parda, casados, analfabetos e com ocupação remunerada, apesar de terem classe econômica baixa. Entre os idosos do meio rural a autopercepção do estado de saúde foi mais frequentemente regular ou ruim, o domicílio era mais frequentemente cadastrado na Estratégia Saúde da Família e a maioria não tinha plano de saúde complementar. Os idosos do meio rural também apresentaram melhor desempenho nas Atividades Básicas de Vida Diária e pior desempenho nas Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária, tinham menos sintomas depressivos e menos multimorbidades. Os idosos do meio rural apresentaram menores chances de autopercepção do estado de saúde boa ou muito boa, mesmo ajustando para sexo, raça, estado conjugal, ocupação, classe socioeconômica, cobertura pela Estratégia Saúde da Família, sintomas depressivos, multimorbidade e desempenho nas Atividades Básicas de Vida Diária. CONCLUSÕES: Os idosos do meio rural apresentaram pior autopercepção do estado de saúde que os idosos do meio urbano, mesmo controlando as características sociodemográficas, econômicas, clínicas e de acesso à saúde. DESCRITORES: saúde do idoso; autopercepção; população rural; saúde pública; políticas públicas. ABSTRACT AIMS:To compare the self-perception of health status between rural and urban elderly and their possible associated factors. METHODS: The study consisted of a secondary analysis of data from the National Health Survey of 2013, conducted by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics, which included elderly who lived in rural and urban environments. The dependent variable was the self-perception of health status (evaluated as very good, good, fair, bad and very bad); and the independent variables were socio-demographic factors, clinical data, functionality of the elderly and household data. Relationships between the variables were tested by the chi-square test, and adjusted by self-perception of health status. The analysis were performed through the Epi InfoTM program version 7.2.1, accepting p<0.05 as significant. RESULTS: Rural elderly people were predominantly males, brown, married, illiterate and gainfully employed, despite having a low economic class. Among the rural elderly, self-perceived health status was more often regular or poor, the household was more often enrolled in the Family Health Strategy and most had no complementary health plan. Rural elderly also had better performance in the Basic Activities of Daily Living and worse performance in the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, had less depressive symptoms and less multimorbidity. Rural elderly presented lower chances of self-perception of good or very good health, even adjusting for gender, race, marital status, occupation, socioeconomic class, coverage by the Famil...
Introduction: The maximal heart rate (HRmax) is considered the highest value of HR achieved during a physical effort close to exhaustion. Objective: To evaluate the applicability of the predictive HRmax equations during exercise tests in child and adolescent athletes through a systematic review. Methods: It is a systematic review, through Scopus, Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo and PEDro. The included studies compared the measured and estimated HRmax predictive equations during exercise tests in child and adolescent athletes. The following search strategy was used: “Exercise test OR Exercise testing OR Cardiopulmonary exercise test OR Cardiopulmonary exercise testing OR Peak oxygen uptake OR Maximal oxygen consumption OR Exercise capacity OR Heart rate OR Heart rate OR Pulse rate OR Pulse rates OR Heart rate control OR Cardiac chronotropic OR Predictive value test AND Predictive equations”. Results: From a total of 1,664 articles, only 4 were included. All compared the measured HRmax values with those estimated by the “220 - age” equation; 3 used the formula “208 - (0.7 x age)”, and only 1 used the “223 - (1.44 x age)” equation. Although all of them stated that the “220 - age” equation overestimates HRmax, the formula “208 - (0.7 x age”) underestimated (2 articles) and overestimated (1 study) the measured results, while the equation “213 - (1.44 x age) was also not adequate. Conclusion: The use of predictive HRmax equations for child and adolescent athletes does not seem to be recommended. The use of cohort points for these estimates is carefully recommended.
Aims: This study aimed to observe the possible benefits of acupuncture in chronic pain and gait performance of oldest-old, people aged 80 and older. Method: The study population consisted of oldest-old with chronic pain. For the initial assessment of pain was used a questionnaire containing a figure with anatomical regions and intensity of pain referred by the participant. The evaluation of the gait performance we used the Zeno walkway that has electronic sensors pressure and evaluates various gait parameters. After 10 acupuncture sessions, pain intensity and gait performance were reevaluated. The sessions had a frequency of twice a week and treatment was performed individually for several protocols points according to the illness or pain reported by each patient. Results: Twenty-three oldest-old were initially enrolled, 16 completed the ten sessions of acupuncture and proposed assessments. In the final evaluation, the intensity of pain decreased in 12 of the 13 sites initially referred. In gait parameters, we achieved significant improvement in step and stride length, increased gait speed and cadence. Conclusions: Demonstrated with this study that the acupuncture treatment was effective in reducing chronic pain and improvement in gait performance of the oldest-old.
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