Fatores relacionados à autopercepção do estado de saúde em idosos residentes no meio rural do Brasil

Abstract

Este artigo está licenciado sob forma de uma licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional, que permite uso irrestrito, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, desde que a publicação original seja corretamente citada. RESULTADOS: Os idosos do meio rural eram predominantemente homens, de cor parda, casados, analfabetos e com ocupação remunerada, apesar de terem classe econômica baixa. Entre os idosos do meio rural a autopercepção do estado de saúde foi mais frequentemente regular ou ruim, o domicílio era mais frequentemente cadastrado na Estratégia Saúde da Família e a maioria não tinha plano de saúde complementar. Os idosos do meio rural também apresentaram melhor desempenho nas Atividades Básicas de Vida Diária e pior desempenho nas Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária, tinham menos sintomas depressivos e menos multimorbidades. Os idosos do meio rural apresentaram menores chances de autopercepção do estado de saúde boa ou muito boa, mesmo ajustando para sexo, raça, estado conjugal, ocupação, classe socioeconômica, cobertura pela Estratégia Saúde da Família, sintomas depressivos, multimorbidade e desempenho nas Atividades Básicas de Vida Diária. CONCLUSÕES: Os idosos do meio rural apresentaram pior autopercepção do estado de saúde que os idosos do meio urbano, mesmo controlando as características sociodemográficas, econômicas, clínicas e de acesso à saúde. DESCRITORES: saúde do idoso; autopercepção; população rural; saúde pública; políticas públicas. ABSTRACT AIMS:To compare the self-perception of health status between rural and urban elderly and their possible associated factors. METHODS: The study consisted of a secondary analysis of data from the National Health Survey of 2013, conducted by the National Institute of Geography and Statistics, which included elderly who lived in rural and urban environments. The dependent variable was the self-perception of health status (evaluated as very good, good, fair, bad and very bad); and the independent variables were socio-demographic factors, clinical data, functionality of the elderly and household data. Relationships between the variables were tested by the chi-square test, and adjusted by self-perception of health status. The analysis were performed through the Epi InfoTM program version 7.2.1, accepting p<0.05 as significant. RESULTS: Rural elderly people were predominantly males, brown, married, illiterate and gainfully employed, despite having a low economic class. Among the rural elderly, self-perceived health status was more often regular or poor, the household was more often enrolled in the Family Health Strategy and most had no complementary health plan. Rural elderly also had better performance in the Basic Activities of Daily Living and worse performance in the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, had less depressive symptoms and less multimorbidity. Rural elderly presented lower chances of self-perception of good or very good health, even adjusting for gender, race, marital status, occupation, socioeconomic class, coverage by the Famil...

Health-Disease-Care Process in Older Adults Living in Rural Areas: Perspective of Culturally Coherent Care

“…Certainly, due to the fact that functionality in the aging and health-disease-care processes basically refers to the maintenance of autonomy and independence of old age individuals and, consequently, to the representativeness they have both in the family, because of the extra income from work as a complement to retirement, and in society, because they feel elated by the fulfillment of their responsibilities. [9][10] In view of this, it is stressed that, regardless of retirement and of the profession that the research participants exercised in the past, in its entirety had a way of life marked by the continuity of the activities of daily life and work, especially with the land and animals. Thus, preserving its social and culturally respected productive responsibility and valued in the rural area and, at the same time, self-managing and adapting to the challenges of the aging and health-disease-care processes; thus, meeting the results of the research conducted on predictors of subjective quality of life in older adults living in urban and rural areas of the Province of Guayas in Ecuador, which confirms the influence of economy, among other social and cultural factors, on quality of life and, at the same time, the health conception of older adults living in rural areas.…”

Meaning of aging for caregivers of senile elderly people

“…Some participants pointed out that the rural context in which the elderly grew up proved to be an unfavorable factor for them to have a healthy aging today, because people started to work "hard" very early, and this work did not allow them to take care of themselves. Even today, despite all technological advances, studies show that the place of residence can limit access to health services and information (17)(18) . Furthermore, it is worth considering that living in this context nowadays may even have an impact on self-perceived health, as identified in a study with elderly people living in different locations, which pointed out that, among those in the rural area, the prevalence of regular perception or bad is higher than among residents in the urban area (18) .…”

“…Even today, despite all technological advances, studies show that the place of residence can limit access to health services and information (17)(18) . Furthermore, it is worth considering that living in this context nowadays may even have an impact on self-perceived health, as identified in a study with elderly people living in different locations, which pointed out that, among those in the rural area, the prevalence of regular perception or bad is higher than among residents in the urban area (18) .…”

Comparação da força de preensão manual e potência muscular em idosos da zona rural e urbana / Comparison of manual grip strength and muscle power in rural and urban elderly

“…Estudos apontam que uma pior avaliação do estado de saúde é geralmente entre os moradores da zona rural e que fatores como escolaridade, renda média mensal e acesso aos serviços de saúde, influenciam na autopercepção de saúde (CONFORTIM et al, 2016;MACEDO et al, 2018). Entretanto, ressalta que os idosos tanto da zona rural quanto o da zona urbana não necessitaram de assistência hospitalar, por meio de internação, nos últimos trinta dias.…”