Bone grafting is beneficial in enhancing bones that are lost due to trauma or natural or pathologic process. Autogenous bone, allogenic bone, xenogeneic bone, bone substitutes, and alloplasts can also be used for this purpose. Bone quantity should be adequate for the placement of implants, which necessitate the use of bone grafts before implant placement.Objective:This review analyses the different bone graft materials that are used for grafting around implants and evaluate if these grafts yield successful implant osseointegration over a period of time.Materials and Methods:The MEDLINE–PubMed database was searched from September 2016 to 10 years previously. Several journals were hand searched and from cross-references. The primary outcome measure that was analyzed was the survival rate of dental implants in the grafted sites at 6 months–1 year, and the secondary outcomes were success rates of dental implants over a period of 3–5 years’ follow-up.Results:The search yielded 213 articles. Ultimately, 31 studies meeting the eligibility criteria were selected. The analysis shows that autologous bone grafts can be preferred over allografts and xenografts for grafting implant sites, which showed less complication and high success rate.Conclusion:Based on the available data in the current existing studies with a follow-up period of at least 3–5 years, it can be summarized that the autologous bone grafts can be preferred over allografts and xenografts for grafting implant sites since they are stable for at least 3–5 years.
Background: Inguinal mesh hernioplasty is one of the common procedures performed throughout the world. There are open and laparoscopic techniques of hernia repair. The laparoscopic approach to inguinal hernioplasty is now well established. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of Lichtenstein tension free hernioplasty and laparoscopic TAPP (transabdominal preperitoneal mesh repair) considering these criterias, such as, duration of the surgery, hospital stay, and duration to resume normal activity, cosmesis, degree of postoperative pain, wound infection, recurrence and complications.Methods: A prospective randomized study was conducted by comparing patients (two groups) who underwent laparoscopic (TAPP) and Lichtenstein Tension free open hernioplasty in SVMCH and RC from November 2016 to June 2017.Results: Among the two groups of patients, depending on my criteria’s, namely, cosmesis (p-0.074) and postoperative cord edema (p-0.042), patients who underwent TAPP had statistically better outcomes than open hernioplasty.Conclusions: My study concludes that laparoscopic TAPP repair is safe and efficacious and the analysis here states the absolute superiority of laparoscopic TAPP over Lichtenstein tension free hernioplasty.
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