Systematic analysis on the efficacy of bone enhancement methods used for success in dental implants

Abstract

Bone grafting is beneficial in enhancing bones that are lost due to trauma or natural or pathologic process. Autogenous bone, allogenic bone, xenogeneic bone, bone substitutes, and alloplasts can also be used for this purpose. Bone quantity should be adequate for the placement of implants, which necessitate the use of bone grafts before implant placement.Objective:This review analyses the different bone graft materials that are used for grafting around implants and evaluate if these grafts yield successful implant osseointegration over a period of time.Materials and Methods:The MEDLINE–PubMed database was searched from September 2016 to 10 years previously. Several journals were hand searched and from cross-references. The primary outcome measure that was analyzed was the survival rate of dental implants in the grafted sites at 6 months–1 year, and the secondary outcomes were success rates of dental implants over a period of 3–5 years’ follow-up.Results:The search yielded 213 articles. Ultimately, 31 studies meeting the eligibility criteria were selected. The analysis shows that autologous bone grafts can be preferred over allografts and xenografts for grafting implant sites, which showed less complication and high success rate.Conclusion:Based on the available data in the current existing studies with a follow-up period of at least 3–5 years, it can be summarized that the autologous bone grafts can be preferred over allografts and xenografts for grafting implant sites since they are stable for at least 3–5 years.

Study of Immediate Implants Placed in Mandibular Alveolar Bone Reconstructed with Screw-Guided Bone Regeneration Technique: A 24-Months Follow-Up

“…The S-GBR technique was performed using mixed grafts (autologous bone and bovine bone). Based on reviewed studies, with a follow-up of minimum 3-5 years, Ellakia et al recommend the replacement of allografts and xenografts with autologous bone in the implant sites with medium and severe bone resorption [18]. Xenografts can delay bone formation in comparison to the naturally healed sites, but also preserve the alveolar ridge and stimulate bone formation as to enable placement of implants with high success rate in mandibular implant-prosthetic restorations [19].…”

A new approach for better anterior esthetic using platelet-rich fibrin as sole graft material combined with ovate design dental bridge

“…The major objective is to achieve the optimal residual ridge width and subsequently the esthetic improvement as well as better foundation for later prosthesis design. [ 10 11 ]…”

Comparative study to evaluate bone loss during osteotomy using standard drill, bone trephine, and alveolar expanders for implant placement

“…[6] The avoidance of excessive temperature generation during surgical drilling, so that there should be minimal damage to surrounding tissues is an important requisite for successful preparation of an implant osteotomy. [9]…”