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Using data from 179 preterm infants, a neurobehavioral maturity assessment was developed by using a process in which clusters characterized by conceptual coherence and face validity were systematically subjected to statistical analyses designed to test whether they also had high test-retest reliability, statistical cohesion, and developmental validity. The psychometric soundness of the test items was made a precondition for their inclusion into the assessment procedure. Also tested were cluster redundancy, as well as the impact of gestational and conceptional age, and of postbirth influences on the functions tested. 8 dimensions of neurobehavioral functioning were found to be stable with a test-retest reliability of at least .6 or higher on 2 consecutive days, nonredundant and developmentally valid. They were: Active Tone/Motor Vigor, Alertness and Orientation, Excitation Proneness, Inhibition Proneness, Scarf Sign, Popliteal Angle, Maturity of Vestibular Response, and Vigor of Crying.

Using data from 179 preterm infants, a neurobehavioral maturity assessment was developed by using a process in which clusters characterized by conceptual coherence and face validity were systematically subjected to statistical analyses designed to test whether they also had high test-retest reliability, statistical cohesion, and developmental validity. The psychometric soundness of the test items was made a precondition for their inclusion into the assessment procedure. Also tested were cluster redundancy, as well as the impact of gestational and conceptional age, and of postbirth influences on the functions tested. 8 dimensions of neurobehavioral functioning were found to be stable with a test-retest reliability of at least .6 or higher on 2 consecutive days, nonredundant and developmentally valid. They were: Active Tone/Motor Vigor, Alertness and Orientation, Excitation Proneness, Inhibition Proneness, Scarf Sign, Popliteal Angle, Maturity of Vestibular Response, and Vigor of Crying.

SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to determine trends in the changes of the popliteal angle in 130 normal infants between one day and 12 months of age, for use in assessing infants with possible neuromuscular pathology. Using a 360° goniometer, the popliteal angle was measured with the hip held at 90° flexion, to indicate hamstring‐muscle tightness. Limitation of knee extension was also measured with the hip extended (HEKE angle) to indicate capsular tightness. Both the popliteal and HEKE angle measurements showed greatest limitation of knee extension at birth, which decreased until eight months of age, when most infants showed no limitation. A highly significant negative correlation was found between age and mean popliteal and HEKE angles. RÉSUMÉ Modifications dans la mesure de l'angle poplité chez les nourrissons jusqu'à un an Le but de ce travail a été de déterminer les caractéristiques évolutives de l'angle poplité chez 130 nourrissons normaux âgés de un jour á 12 mois pour permettre d'examiner ces nourrissons vis à vis d'une pathologie neuro‐musculaire possible. Utilisant un goniométre de 360°, l'angle poplité a été mesuré avec la hanche maintenue à 90° de flexion pour apprécier la raideur des ischio‐jambiers. La limitation á l'extension du genou a été mesurée aussi avec hanche étendue (angle HEKE) pour apprécier la raideur capsulaire. Les mesures de l'angle poplité et de l'angle HEKE ont montré un maximum de limitation d'extension du genou à la naissance avec décroissance jusqu'à l'âge de huit mois; à cette date la plupart des nourrissons ne présentaient plus de limitation de l'extension du genou. Une corrélation hautement significative a été trouvée entre l'âge des nourrissons et la moyenne des angles poplités et HEKE. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Veränderungen des Poplitealwinkels bei Kindern im ersten Lebensjahr Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Veränderungen des Poplitealwinkels bei 130 gesunden Kindern im Alter von einem Tag bis zu einem Jahr zu bestimmen, um anhand dieser Daten Kinder mit fraglichen neuromuskulären Erkrankungen herauszufinden. Mit einem 360° Winkelmesser wurde der Poplitealwinkel bei einer Hüftgelenksbeugung von 90° gemessen, um die Spannung der Oberschenkelmuskulatur anzuzeigen. Auβerdem wurde die maximale Kniestreckung bei gestreckter Hüfte gemessen (HEKE Winkel), um die Kapselspannung anzuzeigen. Sowohl die Bestimmung des Poplitealwinkels als auch des HEKE Winkels zeigten die gröβte Einschränkung der Kniestreckung bei Geburt, die bis zum achten Lebensmonat abnahm, danach zeigten die meisten Säuglinge keine Knieextensionshemmung. Eine hochsignifikante Korrelation fand sich zwischen dem Alter des Kindes und den mittleren Popliteal‐und HEKE‐Winkeln. RESUMEN Cambios en las mediciones del ángulo poplíreo en lactantes de un año de edad o menos El propósito de este estudio fue el determinar las tendencias en los cambios del ángulo poplíteo en 130 lactantes normales de un dia a un año de edad, para su uso en la exploración de lactantes con una posible patologia neuromuscular. Usando un goniórnetro...

2022 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Intelligent Communication (CSIC 2022) was held online in Tianjin, China during December 17-18, 2022. Due to the evolving public health concerns and travel advisories issued for the avoidance of non-essential travel in view of COVID-19, the CSIC 2022 has been held virtually with about 105 guests. It was a fully synchronized online conference that had live Q&A, participants jointly listened to presentations. The conference program was organized in 4 sessions, with 6 plenary and 26 specialized papers presented. Each plenary speech lasted for 30-35 minutes, including 5-10 minutes for Q&A. While for other sessions, there was 10-15 minutes for each presentation, including 3-5 minutes for Q&A. CSIC 2022 provides a forum for accessing to the most up-to-date and authoritative knowledge from both industrial and academic worlds, sharing best practice in the fields of computer science, information engineering, intelligent computing, communication technology. A key aspect of this conference is the strong mixture of academia and industry. This allows for the free exchange of ideas and challenges faced by these two key stakeholders and encourage future collaboration between members of these groups. All papers in this proceeding were subject to peer-review by conference committee members and international reviewers. The papers were selected for the proceedings based on quality and relevance to the conference. We express our gratitude to all people who contributed to the review process and did all their best to enhance the scientific merit and quality of the Proceedings. We are also grateful to the authors for their contributions, to the speakers and participants. We wish to extend our warmest welcome to all interested participants to the next CSIC. The CSIC Organizing committee Tianjin, China